Theme 1 - Consolidation of Bolshevik rule by 1924 Flashcards

1
Q

What were the problems faced by the Bolsheviks in consolidating rule in 1917

A
  • Other Parties in the soviet
  • Consituent assembly & first universal election
  • Flaws with April Thesis
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2
Q

What were the flaws with the April Thesis

A
  • “PEACE” - the Bolsheviks were not internationally recognised so couldn’t negotiate with the Germans
  • “BREAD” - difficult due to men and horses at the front
  • “LAND” - redistrobution of land could lead to soldiers deserting the front
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3
Q

When, why and who walk out of the 2nd Congres of soviets

A
  • 1917
  • Mensheviks and SR’s
  • They view OCT 17 as a bolshevik not soviet siezure of power
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4
Q

What is the Sovnarkom and when is it set up

Also key roles

A
  • 1917
  • Executive committee
  • Trotsky (Foreign Affairs), Lenin (Chair), Stalin (Nationalities)
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4
Q

When is the decree on Peace

A
  • 27 Oct 1917
  • Armistice follows in November
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5
Q

When & What is the decree on Land

A
  • 27 Oct 1917
  • Abolished private ownership
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6
Q

When does Lenin decree in November 1917

A
  • Workers can “supervise” management
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7
Q
A
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8
Q

How did Lenin secure funding in 1917?

A
  • “Pursuaded” the central bank to hand over financial reserves (on threat of armed intervention)
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9
Q

How did Lenin respond to calls for a coalition

A
  • “Conisdered” the coalition from Zinoview and Kaminev but talkes broke down
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10
Q

When was the Cheka established?

A
  • December 1917
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11
Q

What were the election results?

A
  • 17 November 1917
  • SR’s 53%
  • Bolsheviks 24%
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12
Q

When was the first meeting of the consituent assembly?

A
  • 5 January 1918
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13
Q

What was the outcome of the first meeting of the consituent assembly?

A
  • Lenin used armed guards to close down the delegation
  • Beggining of dictatorial rule
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14
Q

When was the treaty of brest litovsk?

A
  • March 1918
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15
Q

When & Where was the Tsar murdered?

A
  • July 1918
  • Yekatringsburg
16
Q

When was the “ban on factions”

A
  • April 1921
17
Q

When was the USSR established?

A
  • Dec 1922
18
Q

When does the first white army form

A
  • Spring 1918
  • Wanted to regain WW1 & Regain control of siezed industry
  • Backed by USA, UK & France
19
Q

How did the bolsheviks survive the first few months in power?

A
  • By a mixture of consessions and ruthless actions
20
Q

What were the outcomes of Brest-Litovsk

A
  • Russia lost 1/6 of population (62 million)
  • 1/3 of Agriculture
  • 26% of rail
  • 74% of iron and coal
21
Q

Red Strength (Trotsky)

A
  • Resored death penalty
  • Able to rally men
  • Restarted conscription & Maintained order by having officers families held hostage
  • Promoted based on merit
22
Q

Red strength (LENIN)

A
  • Cheka used to brutal effect during “War communism”
  • Introduced War communism
23
Q
A