Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Functional Anatomy > The Wrist- Palastanga > Flashcards

The Wrist- Palastanga Flashcards

1
Q

What joints functionally comprise the wrist

A

Intercarpal, midcarpal and radiocarpal articulations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Classification of the radiocarpal joint

A

Synovial ellipsoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Articular surfaces of the radiocarpal (rc) joint

A

Distal radius and articular disc with scaphoid, lunate and triquetral of the proximal row of carpals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

When combined with supination/ pronation at the forearm the hand appears to move as

A

A ball and socket

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Why is there great inherent stability at the wrist/ hand

A

Because of the separation of the 3 axes about which movement occurs
Also because of the flexor retinaculum and many tendons crossing the region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Describe the joint capsule of the rcj

A

Fibrous completely enclosing the joint
Thickened anteriorly and posteriorly and hence strengthened in these regions
Blends with collateral carpal ligaments medially and laterally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Capsular ligaments of the rcj

A

Dorsal radiocarpal
Palmar radiocarpal
Palmar ulnocarpal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Functions of the capsular ligaments of the rcj

A

Strengthen the capsule and determine that the hand follows the radius in its movements and displacements
Are taut in flexion and extension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Other supporting ligaments of the rcj

A

The collateral ligaments
Radial collateral carpal ligament is taut and limits adduction
Ulnar collateral carpal ligament is taut and limits abduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Movements possible at the rcj

A

Flexion/ extension

Abduction/ adduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Describe flexion/ extension at the rcj

A

Occur about a transverse axis more or less in the sagittal plane
Flexion freer than extension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

ROMs of flexion/ extension at the rcj

A

Flexion max 50d

Extension max 35d

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Describe abduction/ adduction at the rcj

A

Also referred to as radial and ulnar deviation respectively

Movement of proximal row of carpals in relation to the distal radius

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which movement of ab/adduction at the rcj is more limited and why

A

Abduction/ radial deviation is more limited due to the further extension of the radial styloid process compared to the ulnar styloid process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

ROMs of ab/adduction of the rcj

A

Abduction/ radial deviation = 7d

Adduction/ ulnar deviation = 30d

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How are the carpal bones arranged

A

Into 2 rows, proximal and distal, between which lies the midcarpal joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Classification of the intercarpal joints (icj)

A

Most are plane synovial and have various ligaments between them permitting very little movement

18
Q

Articular surfaces of the midcarpal joint (mcj)

A

Laterally - trapezium and trapezoid with scaphoid forming a slight convexity
Medially/ centrally - capitate with scaphoid and lunate, also hamate with lunate and triquetral forming a slight concavity

19
Q

Describe the joint capsule of the mcj

A

Composed primarily of irregular fibrous bands running between the 2 rows of bones
Anteriorly and posteriorly these fibres constitute the palmar and dorsal inetrcarpal ligaments

20
Q

Describe the synovial cavity of the mcj

A

Is large and complex extending between the bones and may be interrupted by interosseous ligaments

21
Q

Ligaments associated with the mcj

A

Palmar intercarpal ligament is the largest
Dorsal intercarpal
Radial and ulnar collaterals

22
Q

Movements possible at the midcarpal joint

A

Flexion/ extension

Abduction/ adduction

23
Q

Which movement of flexion/ extension if freer at the mcj

A

Extension

opposite to the rcj

24
Q

ROMs of flexion/ extension of the mcj

A

Flexion 35d

Extension 50d

25
Q

Abduction/ adduction at the mcj is accompanied by what

A

Torsion between the 2 rows of bones

26
Q

ROM of ab/adduction at the mcj

A

Abduction 8d

Adduction 15d

27
Q

What is the principal structure responsible for maintaining the transverse arch of the 2 rows of carpal bones

A

The flexor retinaculum

28
Q

The rows of carpals + the flexor retinaculum form what important structure

A

The carpal tunnel

29
Q

What passes through the carpal tunnel

A

MEDIAN nerve

Tendons of flexor pollicis longus, flexor digitorum profundus, flexor digitorum superficialis

30
Q

A fall onto an outstretched hand may result in a dislocation where

A

Radiocarpal and/or midcarpal joints

31
Q

What is important about the movements occurring at the wrist

A

Movements occurring at the radiocarpal and midcarpal joints are happening at the same time so combine to give the wrist its full ROM

32
Q

What is the total range of flexion/ extension possible at the wrist

A

85d in each direction

Flexion - 50d at rcj and 35 at mcj
Extension - 35d at rcj and 50d at mcj

33
Q

Where does the axis of flexion/ extension of the wrist fall through

A

The head of the capitate

34
Q

When is flexion least effective and what limits this movement

A

Limited by tension in the extensor tendons and is greatly reduced if fingers are flexed

I.e. wrist flexion is greatest when fingers are extended

35
Q

What are the total ROMs for ab/adduction at the wrist complex

A

Abduction - 15d

Adduction - 45d

36
Q

Muscles producing wrist flexion

A

Flexors carpi radialis and ulnaris
Palmaris longus
Flexor digitorum profundus/ superficialis
Flexor pollicis longus

37
Q

Muscles producing wrist extension

A 
Extensors carpi ulnaris and radialis longus and brevis
Extensor digitorum
Extensor indicis
Extensor digiti minimi
Extensor pollicis longus
38
Q

Muscles abducting the wrist

A

Flexor carpi radialis

Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis

39
Q

Muscles adducting the wrist

A

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Extensor carpi ulnaris

40
Q

What happens at the wrist during flexion/ extension of the fingers

A

The carpal flexors/ extensors fix the wrist preventing loss of digital power

n.b. grip is not as strong when wrist strongly extended or flexed

41
Q

Why is the wrist slightly extended when powerful grip is needed

A

This extension stretched the digit flexors allowing a powerful grip

This is the position the wrist is fused in to allow the maintenance of grip power

Functional Anatomy (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions