The Foot- Palastanga Flashcards
Where is the subtalar joint
Between the talus and the calcaneus
What is the function of the subtalar joint
Allows side to side movement (inversion and eversion) and participates in retsraint and propulsion of the foot
What is the role of the midtarsal joint
Puts the spring into the propulsive phase of gait by allowing the anterior part of the foot to adjust itself against the posterior part
What is the difference between the 2 longitudinal arches
Medial is higher and more elastic allowing propulsion and spring
Longitudinal is flatter to provide a solid base of support
List the intertarsal joints
Subtalar, talocalcaneonavicular, calcaneocuboid, mid tarsal, cuneonavicular, intercuneiform, cuneocuboid
What makes up the mid tarsal joint
Talocalcaneonavicular and calcaneocuboid joints
Classification of the subtalar joint
Synovial plane
Which ligament is mainly responsible for stability at the subtalar joint
The interosseous ligament
Classification of the talocalcaneonavicular joint
Synovial ball and socket
Name some important ligaments associated with the talocalcaneonavicular joint
Plantar calcaneonavicular ligament aka spring ligament
Is movement possible at the TCN joint
Yes, inversion and eversion are augmented at this joint
Classification of the calcaneocuboid joint
Synovial plane joint
What movements are possible at the calcaneocuboid joint
Pronation and supination of the forefoot
Describe supination and pronation of the foot
Occurs about the foots own longitudinal axis
Sole facing medially= supination
Sole facing laterally= pronation
Cannot occur as a pure movement and is always accompanied with adduction or abduction
What are ROMs of supination and pronation
Supination= 50degrees Pronation= 25-30degrees
What is significant about movement at the mid tarsal joint
It is always accompanied by movement at the subtalar joint
How is inversion of the foot achieved
Adduction at the subtalar joint and supination of the forefoot at the midtarsal joint
Increased with plantarflexion
How is eversion of the foot achieved
Abduction at the subtalar joint and pronation of the forefoot at the midtarsal joint
Increased with dorsiflexion
What is the classification of the rest of the intertarsal joints (cuneonavicular, intercuneiform and cuneocuboid)
Synovial plane
Classification of the tarsometatarsal joints
Synovial plane
Classification of the metatarsophalangeal joints
Synovial conyloid
Movements possible at the metatarsophalangeal joint
Dorsi and plantarflexion, abduction and adduction and circumduction
Classification of the interphalangeal joints
Synovial hinge
Movements at the interphalangeal joints
Plantar and dorsiflexion of the toes