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Anatomy Exam 4 > The Wrist and Hand > Flashcards

The Wrist and Hand Flashcards

1
Q

Potential space btwn thenar and adductor compartments

A

Thenar space

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2
Q

Provides insertion for palmaris longus muscle; spreads over palmar surface and helps to adhere the skin tightly to the underlying structures

A

Palmar aponeurosis

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3
Q

Potential space with nerves and vessels running through it; contains lumbricals

A

Midpalmar space

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4
Q

____ compartment of hand and wrist contains ulnar nerve; intrinsic muscles of digit 5

A

Hypothenar:

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5
Q

____ compartment of hand and wrist contains median nerve; intrinsic muscles of digit 1 (thumb)

A

Thenar:

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6
Q

____ compartment of hand and wrist contains carpal tunnel (median n., tendons of f.d.s, f.d.p., flexor pollicis longus)

A

Central:

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7
Q

____ compartment of hand and wrist contains deep ulnar n.; adductor pollicis muscle

A

Adductor:

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8
Q

____ compartment of hand and wrist contains ulnar n., between metacarpals; palmar and dorsal interosseous muscles

A

Interosseous:

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9
Q

The _____ and the _______ are thickenings in the antebrachial fasciae.

A

extensor retinaculum; flexor retinaculum

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10
Q

The _____ forms the roof of the carpal tunnel.

A

flexor retinaculum (aka transverse carpal ligament)

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11
Q

____ function to keep tendons tightly adhered to palmar aspect of digits to keep structures from moving out of place; provide pulley joints

A

Fibrous flexor sheaths

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12
Q

What tendons go thru the carpal tunnel?

A

Flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor digitorum profundus, flexor digitorum longus, and median nerve

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13
Q

flexor digitorum superficialis flexor digitorum profundus enter a common flexor sheath called _____ beneath the flexor retinaculum.

A

ulnar bursa

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14
Q

T/F: each tendon of Flexor digitorum superficialis and flexor digitorum profundus has its own synovial sheath within a fibrous sheath

A

True

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15
Q

The synovial sheath of what digit is continuous with the ulnar bursa?

A

5th digit

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16
Q

Infection of flexor tendon sheaths

A

Infectious tenosynovitis

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17
Q

Infections of ___ digit can spread to ulnar bursa and carpal tunnel

A

5th digit

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18
Q

Infections of ___ digit can also spread to carpal tunnel and flexor pollicis longus tendon (radial bursa)

A

1st digit

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19
Q

Flexed position, Pain with any attempt at extending affected digit, Uniform swelling involving entire digit, and Percussion tenderness along course of tendon sheath are

A

Kanavel’s Four Cardinal Signs

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20
Q

What muscles form the thenar eminence?

A

abductor pollicis brevis, flexor pollicis brevis (superficial and deep head), and opponens pollicis

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21
Q

What muscle is also a thenar muscle but is not technically part of thenar eminence

A

adductor pollicis longus

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22
Q

Proximal Attachment:-flexor retinaculum & tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium
Distal Attachment:-lateral side of 1st metacarpal
Actions:-oppose thumb & medially rotate 1st metacarpal
Innervation:-recurrent branch of median nerve

A

Opponens pollicis

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23
Q

All thenar muscles are innervated by _____ nerve

A

recurrent branches of median n

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24
Q

Proximal Attachment:-flexor retinaculum & tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium
Distal Attachment:-lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb

A

Abductor pollicis brevis

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25
Q

Proximal Attachment:-flexor retinaculum & tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium
Distal Attachment:-lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb

A

Flexor pollicis brevis

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26
Q

Proximal Attachment:-bases of 2nd& 3rdmetacarpals,capitate, & adjacent carpals
Distal Attachment:-medial side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb

A

Adductor pollicis

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27
Q

What muscles form hypothenar eminence?

A

flexor digiti minimi, abductor digiti minimi•opponens digiti minimi

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28
Q

____ lies superficial to hypothenar eminence tightens skin over the hypothenar muscles

A

palmis brevis

29
Q

Proximal Attachment:-pisiform

Distal Attachment:-medial side of base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit

A

Abductor digiti minimi

30
Q

Proximal Attachment:-hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum

Distal Attachment:-medial side of base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit

A

Flexor digiti minimi (brevis)

31
Q

Proximal Attachment:-hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum

Distal Attachment:-medial border of 5th metacarpal

A

Opponens digiti minimi

32
Q

_____ are attached to the lateral 2 tendons of fundus digitorum profundus and are innervated by median nerve

A

1st and 2nd lumbricals

33
Q

____ are attached to the medial 3 tendons of fundus digitorum profundus and are innervated by deep branch of ulnar nerve

A

3rd and 4th lumbricals

34
Q

They flex the metacarpophalangeal joints and extend interphalangeal joints (via the extensor expansion & extensor hood) of digits 2-5.

A

Lumbricals

35
Q

The extensor tendons form a moveable hood over the MP joints of the fingers called the ______

A

extensor expansion

36
Q

The arrangement of both ___ muscles and ______ muscles that attach to this dorsal digital expansion enable the uncoupling of flexion & extension.

A

extensor and intrinsic hand muscles

37
Q

Extensor hood mechanism enables the long extensor tendons to strongly extend the MP joint and allows extension of IP joints when MP joints are flexed by ____, which also attach to the “hood” part of the extensor expansion

A

lumbricals

38
Q

The lumbricals are aided by ____ in allow extension of interphalangeal joints when metaphalangeal joints are flexed

A

dorsal interosseous muscles

39
Q

____ and ___ flex metacarpophalangeal joint and extend interphalangeal joint

A

Lumbricals and dorsal interosseous

40
Q

attach to palmar surfaces of 2nd, 4th, & 5th metacarpals

insert at bases of proximal phalanges and the extensor expansions of digits 2nd, 4th, & 5th digits

A

Palmar interossei

41
Q

How many palmar interossei are there?

A

3

42
Q

How many dorsal interossei are there?

A

4

43
Q

attach to adjacent sides of 2 metacarpals

•insert at bases of proximal phalanges and the extensor expansions of digits 2-4

A

Dorsal interossei

44
Q

Which artery forms superficial palmar arch?

A

Ulnar artery

45
Q

Which artery forms deep palmar arch?

A

Radial artery

46
Q

___ artery comes off of deep palmar arch and supplies the thumb

A

Princeps pollicis artery

47
Q

____ artery comes off deep palmar arch and supplies lateral 2nd digit

A

Radialis indicis artery

48
Q

_____ is bordered by extensor pollicis brevis and extensor pollicis longus

A

Anatomical snuff box

49
Q

The Anatomical snuff box contains ___ artery and what 2 bones of wrist?

A

radial artery; trapezium and scaphoid

50
Q

The superficial branch of the ____ nerve passes across the Anatomical snuff box superficially

A

radial nerve

51
Q

The _____ nerve passes through the carpal tunnel with all of the tendons of f.d.s. and f.d.p.

A

median nerve

52
Q

Recurrent branch of ____ nerve (motor) is very superficial (easily injured) as it enters the thenar eminence

A

median nerve

53
Q

_____ nerve passes superficial to flexor retinaculum and enters ulnar canal (Guyon’s Canal) medial to ulnar artery

A

Ulnar nerve

54
Q

Actions:-abduct thumb, aid in opposition

A

Abductor pollicis brevis

55
Q

Innervation of Abductor pollicis brevis from

A

recurrent branch of median nerve(C8, T1)

56
Q

Actions:-flexes thumb

A

Flexor pollicis brevis

57
Q

Innervation of Flexor pollicis brevis is from ____ and ____ nerve

A

recurrent branch of median nerve(C8, T1) (superficial head)deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8, T1)(deep head)

58
Q

Actions:-adducts thumb toward lateral border of palm

A

Adductor pollicis

59
Q

Innervation of Adductor pollicis is from the deep branch of ____ nerve

A

ulnar nerve(C8, T1)

60
Q

Actions:-abducts 5th digit, aids in flexion of 5th proximal phalanx
Innervation:-deep branch of ulnar nerve(C8, T1)

A

Abductor digiti minimi

61
Q

Innervation of Abductor digiti minimi is from deep branch of _____ nerve

A

ulnar nerve(C8, T1)

62
Q

Actions:-flexes proximal phalanx of digit 5

A

Flexor digiti minimi (brevis)

63
Q

Innervation of Flexor digiti minimi (brevis) deep branch of _____ nerve

A

ulnar nerve(C8, T1)

64
Q

Actions:-brings 5th metacarpal anterior & rotates it to bring it into opposition with thumb

A

Opponens digiti minimi

65
Q

Innervation of Opponens digiti minimi is from deep branch of _____ nerve

A

ulnar nerve(C8, T1)

66
Q

Actions: adduct 2nd, 4th, & 5th fingers toward axial line; also assist lumbricals

A

Palmar interossei

67
Q

Palmar interossei are Innervated by deep branch of ____ nerve

A

ulnar nerve (C8, T1)

68
Q

Actions: abduct 2nd-4th fingers toward axial line; also assist lumbricals

A

Dorsal interossei

69
Q

•Dorsal interossei are Innervated by deep branch of _____ nerve

A

ulnar nerve (C8, T1)

Anatomy Exam 4 (9 decks)

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