Blood Supply of the Upper Limb Flashcards
As it emerges from the left ventricle, the aortic arch gives rise to three major vessels, from right to left: the _______ artery (trunk), the ____ ____ _____ artery, and the _____ ______ artery
brachiocephalic a
the left common carotid a.
left subclavian a.
On the right, the ___________ artery (trunk) gives rise to the right common carotid artery and the right subclavian
artery
brachiocephalic
The _______ arteries are the origin of blood supply to the upper limb (but also head, neck, and brain)
subclavian
The subclavian artery passes posterior to the anterior scalene muscle and courses posterior to the clavicle
into the axilla, where it becomes the______ artery
axillary
What regions do the subclavian a. branches supply?
brain, neck, pectoral
region, back and posterior shoulder (scapular
region)
______ a. branches supply posterior shoulder
(scapular region), axilla, lateral thorax
Axillary
the axillary artery becomes the _______ artery
brachial artery.
_______ a. branches supply arm and cubital region
elbow
Brachial
What two arteries does the brachial artery split into??
radial a and ulnar a.
_______ a. branches supply cubital region (elbow),
posterior forearm, hand
Radial
_________ a. branches supply cubital region (elbow),
anterior forearm, hand
Ulnar
Subclavian origin on the left:
aortic arch
Subclavian origin on the right:
brachiocephalic trunk
The subclavian artery has three divisions in relation to the ______ _____ _____.
anterior scalene muscle.
What are the three divisions of the subclavian artery in relation to the anterior scalene muscle:
Medial
Posterior
Lateral
What blood vessels are associated with the Medial division of the subclavian a. ?
- Vertebral a.
- Internal thoracic a.
- Thyrocervical arterial trunk
What blood vessels are associated with the posterior division of the subclavian a. ?
Costocervical trunk
this includes the supreme intercostal a. and the deep cervical a.
What blood vessels are associated with the lateral division of the subclavian a. ?
• Usually no arterial branches but sometimes dorsal scapular a. will arise here
What are the branches of the thryocervical arterial trunk
- Transverse cervical a. (cervicodorsal trunk)
* Deep branch (dorsal scapular a.)- Superficial branch
- Suprascapular a.
- Ascending cervical a.
- Inferior thyroid a.
The lateral border of ____ ____ is point at which the subclavian artery becomes the axillary artery.
first rib
The _____ a. has three divisions in relation to the pectoralis minor muscle.
axillary a.
What are the three divisions of the axillary a.
Proximal and medial
Posterior
Distal and lateral
What artery branches off of the axillary artery in its first portion.
superior thoracic artery: passes between
pectoralis major and pectoralis minor to supply the
first and second intercostal spaces and the superior
part of serratus anterior.
What branches off of the section portion of the axillary artery?
Thoracoacromial trunk: a short arterial trunk with 4 named branches; pierces costocoracoid membrane
Lateral thoracic artery:
What are the four branches of the Thoracoacromial trunk?
- pectoral branch
- deltoid branch
- acromial branch
- clavicular branch
What are three arteries that branch off of the third portion of the axillary artery?
subscapular artery: largest branch of axillary a.
anterior circumflex humeral artery: smaller; anterior around surgical neck of humerus
posterior circumflex humeral artery
smaller; anterior around surgical neck of humerus
anterior circumflex humeral artery:
larger; posterior around surgical neck of humerus and emerges in quadrangular space at back of shoulder/scapular region with axillary n.; supplies deltoid, teres major, teres minor, and long head of triceps muscles
posterior circumflex humeral artery
What branches off of the subscapular artery
circumflex scapular a
thoracodorsal a
curves around lateral border of scapula to enter infraspinous fossa and anastomose with suprascapular a.; of primary importance in scapular anastomoses
circumflex scapular a
Lesser contribution to scapular anastomoses but principally supplies latissimus dorsi m.
thoracodorsal a.
scapular anatomoses allow for _____ ______.
collateral circulation
Scapular anastomoses include:
Suprascapular a. (from the subclavian a)
Dorsal scapular artery (deep branch of transverse cervical a. from subclavian a.)
posterior intercostal arteries from the thoracic aorta
Circumflex Scapular artery (division of subscapular artery from axillary artery)
Thoracodorsal artery (division of subscapular artery from axillary artery)
Where does the brachial artery start?
Continuation of the axillary artery, and Begins at inferior border of teres major m
What are the three major branches of the brachial a.
profunda brachiii (deep brachial a.)
Superior ulnar collateral a. (psterior path)
inferior ulnar collateral a.
(anterior path)
What are the two branches typically off of the profunda brachii
middle collateral
radial collateral
The brachial artery splits into a ______ and ______ a.
radial and ulnar
The ulnar a branches into what three arteries in the cubital region and superior forearm?
Anterior ulnar recurrent a.
Posterior ulnar recurrent a.
Common interosseous a.
What are three branches off of the common interosseous a.
Anterior interosseous a.
Posterior interosseous a.
Recurrent interosseous a.
What is the major branch off of the radial a. n the cubital region and superior forearm? `
radial recurrent a.
In the cubital anastomoses:
Inferior ulnar collateral artery anastomoses with ____ ____ ___ ___.
anterior ulnar recurrent a.
In the cubital anastomoses:
Superior ulnar collateral a. anastomoses with _____ ____ ____ ____.
posterior ulnar recurrent artery.
In the cubital anastomoses:
Radial collateral artery anastomoses with ____ ____ ____.
radial recurrent artery
In the cubital anastomoses:
Middle collateral artery anastomoses with the _____ ______ _____ .
recurrent interosseous artery
What are the arteries of the anterior forearm?
- ulnar artery (proper)
- radial artery (proper)
- anterior interosseous a.
What are the arteries of the posterior forearm?
- radial artery (proper)
- recurrent interosseous a.*
- posterior interosseous a.
- Dorsal carpal branch (ulnar a.)
What are the arteries of the anterior (palmar) hand/ wrist
Superficial palmar arch of the ulnar a.
Deep Palmar arch of the radial artery
What are the arteries branching off of the superificial palmar arch??
- common palmar digital aa.
- proper palmar digital aa.
What are the arteries associated with the posterior portion of the hand/ wrist?
Radial artery (primarily)
- Princeps pollicis a. (medial thumb)
- Dorsal carpal arch (Anatomical snuff box*)
- Dorsal digital arteries
(t/f) For deep drainage of the upper limb, most named arteries have companion veins with same name.
true
The two main superficial veins of the upper
limb are the _______ and ______ veins
cephalic (lateral)
basilic
medial
The cephalic and basilica veins are united in
the cubital fossa by the ____ ____vein
median cubital
The cephalic vein enters the _______ ____ (groove) and drains into the axillary vein.
deltopectoral triangle
The basilic vein enters the basilic hiatus to
join with brachial veins and become _____ vein
axillary vein
Veins from hand and wrist drain into _____
and _____ veins in forearm.
radial and ulnar
The radial and ulnar veins then drain into the _______ veins in the arm.
brachial
Brachial veins join with basilic vein as it
become ______ vein
axillary
______ vein picks up cephalic vein and
then drains in subclavian vein
Axillary
______ includes the supreme intercostal a. and the deep cervical a.
Costocervical trunk
a short arterial trunk with 4 named branches; pierces costocoracoid membrane
Thoracoacromial trunk
passes between pectoralis major and pectoralis minor to supply the first and second intercostal spaces and the superior part of serratus anterior.
superior thoracic artery
