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Anatomy Exam 4 > The Shoulder > Flashcards

The Shoulder Flashcards

1
Q

retract elevate, and rotate scapula downward, as well as fix it to thoracic wall are actions of the muscle?

A

Rhombiod Major and Minor

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2
Q

-lateral third of clavicle (anterior), acromion, and spine of scapula are the distal attachment of what muscle?

A

Distal Attachment of the trapezius:

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3
Q

Grade 3 separated shoulder

A

both acromioclavicular and coracoclavicular ligaments are torn

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4
Q

innervation of subscapularis

A

-upper and lower subscapular nerves

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5
Q

the_______ muscle initiates adduction

A

supraspinatus

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6
Q

What is the innervation of the trapezius

A

motor: accessory nerve/CN11
sensory: C3/C4 spinal nerves.

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7
Q

What are the sections of the deltoid?

A

Anterior (clavicular)

middle

Posterior (spinal)

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8
Q

What muscle does not move the limb but rather stabilizes the clavicle.

A

subclavius

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9
Q

Distal attachment of the Rhombiod Major and Minor

A
  • r. major: medial border of scapula from level of spine to inferior angle
  • r. minor: medial end of scapular spine
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10
Q

-lesser tubercle of humerus is distal Attachment of what muscle?

A

subscapularis

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11
Q

-middle facet of greater tubercle of humerus is distal Attachment of what muscle?

A

infraspinatus

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12
Q

_______ are “pillows” of synovial fluid between muscle and joint capsule and/or bone and joint capsule.

A

bursa

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13
Q

-protracts scapula, rotates scapula, holds
scapula against thorax

Allows full abduction of humerus; arms raised above head aer actions of what muscle?

A

serratus anterior

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14
Q

innervation of Teres Major

A

-lower subscapular nerve

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15
Q

innervation of deltoid

A

axillary nerve

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16
Q

-posterior tubercles of transverse processes of first 4 cervical vertebrae is Proximal attachment of what muscle?

A

levator scapulae

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17
Q

• Hyperextension with lateral rotation
• Humeral head is forced in an infero-anterior
direction
• Fibrous layer of joint capsule and glenoid
labrum may tear\
- injury to axillary nerve

A

anterior dislocation of the glenohumeral joint

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18
Q

Dislocations in the ________ joint Rarely occur because this is such a strong joint

A

sternoclavicular joint

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19
Q

The following structures contribute to the________ joint:

  • acromion
  • clavicle (acromion end)
  • coracolavicular lig.
    • trapezoidal lig.
    • coronoid lig.
    • coracoacromial lig.
A

acromioclavicular

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20
Q

What innervates the latissimus dorsi?

A

thoracodorsal nerve

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21
Q

The only “true” boney articulation between upper limb & thorax.

A

Sternoclavicular Joint

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22
Q

-medial border of scapula, superior part of scapular spine is Distal attachment of what muscle?

A

levator scapulae

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23
Q

-middle part of lateral border of scapula Proximal Attachment of what muscle?

A

teres minor

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24
Q

-lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus (bicipital groove ) is Distal Attachment of what muscle?

A

pectoralis major

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25
Q

What muscle of the rotator cuff attaches to the lesser tubercle?

A

subscapularis

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26
Q 
\_\_\_\_\_\_ ligament has 2 parts: 
•superior acromioclavicular ligament 
• inferior acromioclavicular ligament 
• coracoclavicular ligaments
     - conoid ligament
     -trapezoid ligament
A

Acromiocclavicular

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27
Q

What innervates the rhomboid minor

A

dorsal scapular nerve

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28
Q

Damage to long thoracic nerve of the serratus anterior muscle causes the portusion of the Medial border of scapula

A

Medial Winging of Scapula

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29
Q

-extends, adducts, and medially rotates humerus; raises torso towards arms during climbing are actions of what muscle?

A

Latissimus dorsi

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30
Q

-flexes, medially rotates, abducts, extends, and laterally rotates humerus are actions of what muscle?

A

deltoid

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31
Q

The intrinsic shoulder muscles are also known as……

A

scapulohumeral muscles

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32
Q

-anterior surface of medial border of scapula Distal Attachment of what muscle?

A

serratus anterior

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33
Q

-external surfaces of lateral parts of ribs 1-9 Proximal Attachment of the what muscle?

A

serratus anterior

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34
Q

Grade 1 separated shoulder

A

acromioclavicular ligament sprain

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35
Q

-spinous processes of inferior 6 thoracic vertebrae, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, and inferior 3 ribs is Proximal Attachment of what muscle?

A

latissimus dorsi

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36
Q

-works with deltoid in abduction of humerus, acts with other rotator cuff muscles in stabilizing shoulder joint are actions of what muscle?

A

supraspinatus

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37
Q

______ joint has the following characteristics
- Synovial Capsule
- weak but very mobile
- reinforced by the tendons of the rotator cuff
muscles
- long tendon of biceps brachii pierces the
capsule and attaches to supraglenoid tubercle
of scapula and glenoid labrum

A

Glenohumeral

38
Q

What are the capsular ligaments of the glenohumeral joint

A
  • glenohumeral ligaments
    • superior
    • middle
    • inferior
  • coracohumeral
39
Q

-elevates scapula and tilts glenoid fossa inferiorly by rotating scapula (downward rotation) are actions of what muscle?

A

the levator scapulae

40
Q

-junction of 1st rib and its costal cartilage is Proximal Attachment of what muscle?

A

subclavius

41
Q 
the Scapulohumeral (Intrinsic) Musculature
is comprised of the \_\_\_\_\_\_, \_\_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_\_, and the \_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_.
A

deltoid

teres major

Rotator Cuff Muscles

42
Q

Proximal attachment of the Rhombiod Major and Minor

A

r. major: spinous processes of T2-T5 -r.

minor: nuchal ligament, spinous processes of C7 & T1

43
Q

Innervation of the infraspinatus

A

-suprascapular nerve

44
Q
  • laterally rotates humerus, helps

hold humeral head in place is actions of what muscle?

A

teres minor

45
Q

-inferior surface of middle 1/3 of clavicle is distal Attachment of what muscle?

A

subclavius

46
Q

-anchors and depresses clavicle are actions of what muscle?

A

subclavius

47
Q

-laterally rotates humerus, helps hold humeral head in place are actions of what muscle?

A

infraspinatus

48
Q

The sternoclavicular joint is a _________ joint, and has what movements?

A

multiaxial

  • elevation/depression (clavicle & disc)
  • protraction/retraction (clavicle & sternum)
  • rotation (both)
49
Q

innervation of subclavius

A
  • “nerve to subclavius”
50
Q

-medial lip of intertubercular (bicipital) groove of humerus is distal Attachment of what muscle?

A

Teres Major

51
Q

-3rd – 5th ribs, near coastal cartilages is Proximal Attachment of what muscle?

A

pectoralis minor

52
Q

What are the names of the bursa that are associated with the glenohumeral joint

A
  1. subscapular bursa
  2. subacromial bursa (subdeltoid bursa)
  3. subcoracoid bursa
  4. synovial sheath (long biceps tendon)
53
Q
  • synovial joint • plane joint

* supporting or accessory ligaments: coracoclavicular ligaments

A

acromioclavicular

54
Q
  • synovial joint
  • double saddle (also called “shallow saddle”)*
  • 2 separate synovial cavities
A

Sternoclavicular Joint

55
Q

what innervates the levator scapulae?

A

dorsal scapular n and cervical spinal nerves C3 and C4

56
Q

-floor of intertubercular sulcus (bicipital groove) of humerus is Distal Attachment of what muscle?

A

latissimus dorsi

57
Q

Anterior Axio-Appendicular Muscles are innervated by the ventral rami of spinal nerves via branches of the_______plexus.

58
Q

What innervates the rhomboid major

A

dorsal scapular nerve

59
Q

-lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula is Proximal Attachment of what muscle?

60
Q

-posterior surface of inferior angle of scapula is Proximal Attachment of what muscle?

A

Teres Major

61
Q

-subscapular fossa (anterior surface of scapula is Proximal Attachment of what muscle?

A

subscapularis

62
Q

-inferior facet of greater tubercle of

humerus is distal Attachment of what muscle?

A

teres minor

63
Q

What muscles comprise the rotator cuff muscles?

A
  • subscapularis
  • supraspinatus
  • infraspinatus
  • teres minor
64
Q

-external occipital protuberance of skull, nuchal ligament, spinous processes of C7-T12 vertebrae are the proximal attachment of what muscle?

A

What is the proximal attachement of the trapezius?

65
Q

What three muscles of the rotator attach on the greater tubercle of the humerus

A

teres minor

infraspinatus

Suprspinatus

66
Q

-infraspinous fossa of scapula is Proximal Attachment of what muscle

A

infraspinatus

67
Q

-stabilizes scapula by pulling it anteriorly & inferiorly against posterior thoracic wall are actions of what muscle?

A

pectoralis minor

68
Q

All of the rotator cuff muscles originate from the _______.

69
Q

Grade 2 separated shoulder

A

acromioclavicular ligament tear

70
Q

Innervation of pectoralis minor

A

-medial pectoral nerve (it is usually pierced by this nerve)

71
Q
  • adducts & medial rotates humerus
  • draws scapula anteriorly & inferiorly (via clavicle)
  • clavicular portion flexes humerus
  • sternal portion can extend humerus while it is in this flexed position actions of what muscle?
A

pectoralis major

72
Q

innervation of supraspinatus

A

-suprascapular nerve

73
Q

-elevates, depresses, and retracts scapula, rotates glenoid fossa superiorly is the action of the _____ muscle?

74
Q

-supraspinous fossa of scapula is Proximal Attachment of what muscle?

A

supraspinatus

75
Q

What muscles make up the 1st layer of the Posterior Axio-Appendicular Muscles.

A

trapezius

Latissimus dorsi

76
Q

These muscles attach the scapula to the humerus. They move the humerus at the shoulder joint and contribute to the stabilization of this joint. They are all innervated by the brachial plexus.

A

Scapulohumeral (Intrinsic) Musculature

77
Q

The ______, or_____, muscles of the back are muscles that move the upper limb and pectoral girdle. All but one are innervated by branches from the brachial plexus (ventral rami)

A

superficial (extrinsic)

78
Q

-coracoid process of scapula is Distal Attachment of what muscle?

A

pectoralis minor

79
Q

• Chronic inflammation in the glenohumeral joint can lead to fibrosis between the
joint capsule, rotator cuff muscles and synovial bursa;
• Also called “frozen shoulder”
• Seen in individuals 40-60 years of age
• Abduction affected; compensatory scapular movements
• Acromioclavicular joint may become strained
• May be initiated by glenohumeral dislocation, supraspinatus tendinitis, bicipital tendinitis and/or rotator cuff tears.

A

Adhesive Capsulitis of the Glenohumeral Joint

80
Q

What muscles make up the second layer of the Posterior Axio-Appendicular Muscles

A

levator scapulae

rhomboid minor

rhomboid major

81
Q

-deltoid tuberosity of humerus is Distal Attachment of what muscle?

82
Q

Innervation of the pectoralis major

A
  • lateral and medial pectoral nerves
83
Q

The following muscles comprise what of the shoulder?

Supraspinatus
infraspinatus
subscapularis
teres mino

A

rotator cuff

84
Q

Most dislocations occur in the downward (inferior)

direction (but are described as anterior)

A

Dislocations of the glenohumeral joint

85
Q 
• Pectoralis major
 • Pectoralis minor 
• Subclavius 
• Serratus anterior
make up the \_\_\_\_\_\_ muscles
A

Anterior Axio-Appendicular Muscles

86
Q

-clavicular and sternocostal attachments

• ant. surface of medial ½ of clavicle

• ant. surface of sternum and superior
6 costal cartilages are Proximal Attachment of what muscle?

A

pectoralis major

87
Q

-superior facet of greater tubercle of humerus is distal Attachment of what muscle?

A

supraspinatus

88
Q

-adducts and medially rotates humerus are the actions of what muscle?

A

Teres Major

89
Q

innervation of the serratus anterior

A
  • long thoracic nerve

c5,c6,c7

90
Q

-medially rotates and adducts humerus helps hold humeral head in place are actions of what muscle?

A

subscapularis

91
Q

innervation of teres minor

A

-axillary nerve

Anatomy Exam 4 (9 decks)

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