The Western and Eastern provinces Flashcards
the celts as people
in this book it is assumed that the term celts refers to the people who in the Roman period lived on the British Isles and Gaul, northwestern Spain, Po Valley, southern Germany, Alps, Bohemia, Galatia.
comparison to the Greeks and Romans
in terms of material culture and technology they were not much inferior. they were talented iron craftsmen.
they lacked an efficient military and political structure designed for long-term warfare. the warriors were renowned for personal valour but were not organized.
celtic tribes
consisted of groups of relatives (clans in Ireland) which were led by aristocrats. the oppida or hill-forts were important centres of the Celtic tribe’s occupational area. these were replaced by Roman and Greek models of cities. while the cities became roman and greek cultural centres the countryside still retained their own language and traditions. the tribal nobles, however, flocked to the cities and were romanized. established families of newly roman citizens quickly monopolized councils for generations.
cities in the west
had theatres, amphitheatres, gymnasia.
celtic religion
not much is known as it was orally given on. however, many gods that resembled that of the Romans’ were given roman names. they did retain their native character, however.
druids
had a special position in the celtic society. they were ‘medicine men’
the greeks in the Roman empire
greek cities and territories had retained their local autonomy and traditional institutions. the Greek-speaking eastern half of the empire had a period of unrest and impoverishment in the 1st and 2nd centuries BC because Romans ruthlessly exploited the people there and fought many of their civil wars in those regions. from 30 BC- 1st century AD was a time of recovery followed by an era of prosperity and cultural revival.
greek governments
an oligarchic form of government was promoted by the romans.
greek literary achievements in the Roman period
AD 70-230. Galen (c. 129-210) and Ptolemy (mid-secodn century). orators attracted crowds.
greek thoughts on romans
educated greeks had no major opposition. they liked the positives of roman imperial rule. they saw a good symbiosis between roman and greek people, culture.
