The Tudors and the Stuarts Flashcards

Question

What happened in Ireland during this time?

Answer 1

Ireland was almost completely Catholic. Henry VII and Henry VIII extentded English control outside the Pale and had established English authority over the whole country. Henry VIII proclaimed himself King of Ireland. English Law was introduced and local leaders were expected to follow the instructions of the Lord Lieutenants in Dublin.

Answer 2

Many people in Ireland were opposing the rule of the Potestant government in England. The English government encouraged Scottish and English protestants to settle in Ulster, taking over land from Catholic landholders. These settlement were known as plantations.

Answer 3

Many came from South West Scotland, and land was given to companies based in London. King James I also organised plantations in other parts of Ireland.

Answer 4

Elizabeth I was skilled at managing Parliament and she managed to balance her views against them of the House of common that was increasingly protestant. James I and his son Charles I believed in the divine right of Kings. Charles I tried to rule without parliament when he couldn't get them to agree on his religious or foreign policies. For 11 years he found ways to raise money without parliament, but had to recall Parliament due to issues in Scotland.

Answer 5

he wanted to impose his new Prayer Book on the Presbytarian Church which led to serious unrest. A Scottish army was formed and Charles needed to raise money to fund his own army.

Answer 6

Charles I had to recall parliament to ask for funds for his army. Many in parliament were puritans and disagreed with his religious views and reforms so refused, even after the Scottish army had invaded England.

Answer 7

The Roman Catholics in Ireland were afraid of the growing powers of the puritan in. Parliament took the opportunity to ask for the Control of the army. In response Charles I entered parliamen to try and arrest 5 parliamentaty leaders. Since then no Monarch entered parliament.

Answer 8

In 1642 between the Cavalier who supported the King and the Roundheads who supported parliament.

Answer 9

Begining of the civil war between the Cavalier who supported the King and the Roundheads who supported parliament.

Answer 10

The battle when the king armys were defeated by the Roudheads.

Answer 11

He was held prisoner by the parliamentary army. He was unwilling to reach any agreement and was executed in 1649

Answer 12

Oliver Cromwell was sent to Ireland where there was still a royalist army and the revolt continued since 1641. He quashed it all with such violence that he remains a controversial figure in Ireland

Answer 13

The Scots named Charles II king of Scotland. Charles II led the Scottish army to invade England but was defeated by Cromwell at the battles of Dunbar and Worcester. He fled to Europe.

Answer 14

Cromwell was named Lord protector and ruled then new republic until his death in 1658. After he died, his son Richard was named Lord Protector but was not able to control the army or the parliament. Although England had been a republic for 11 years, there was no clear leader and people were taking about the need for a king.

Answer 15

Parliament invited Charles II to come back from his exile in the Netherlands. He was crowned King of England, Wales, Scotland and Ireland. The Church of England was reestablished as the official church, and Roman Catholic and puritan were kept out of power.

Answer 16

There was a major outbreak of plague in London that killed thousands of people, especially in the poorer areas. The following year, the great London fire destroyed much of the city, including St Paul's Cathedral. It was rebuilt, with a new St Paul's designed by the famous architect Sir Christophen Wren. Samuel Pepys wrote about these events in a diary.

Answer 17

Formed during the reign of Charles II, it promoes natural knowledge. Oldest surviving scientific society in the world. Amomg its early members were Sir Edmund Halley and Isaac Newton.

Answer 18

Charles II had no legitimate heir so his brother James II was crowned King . He was a Roman Catholic and allowed them to be army officers, which an act of Parliament had forbidden. He did not seek to reach agreement with parliament and arrested some bishops of the Church of England. His two daughters were protestant, but he had a son and people worried that they would have another Catholic king.

Answer 19

Jame's II daughter, Mary, had married William of Orange, her cousin, protestant and Ruler of the Netherlands. In 1668 important Protestants in England asked William to invade England and proclaim himself king. He met no resistance, James II fled to France, and William became William III in England, Wales and Ireland, and William II in Scotland. He ruled with Mary.

Answer 20

James II wanted to regain the throne and invaded Ireland with the help of the French army. William defeated him at the Batle of the Boyne in 1690. William reconquered Ireland and many restictions were placed on the Roman Catholic in Ireland. They were not allowed to take part in Government.

Answer 21

There was support for James, and an attempt of an armed rebellion was defeated in Killiecrankie. All Scottish clans were required to accept William as King of Scotland. When the MacDonalds of Glencoe were late in doing so they well all killed, which led many Scots to distruts the government. James supporters became known as the Jacobites.