Early Britain Flashcards
When did Britain become sepatated from the Continent?
10,000 years ago
When did the first farmer arrive and where did they come from?
6,000 years ago. They came from South East Europe
What did the first farmer build on the Land?
Houses, tombs and monuments such as Stonehenge
Where is Stonehenge
In England, County of Whiltshire
What is Skara Brae and where is it?
In Orkeny, north coast of Scotland. It is the best preserved pehistoric village in northern Europe from the Stone Age.
When did the Bronze Age Start?
Around 4,000 years ago
Where did people live in the Bronze age?
They lived in round houses
What are the tombs of the Bronze age called?
Round Barrows
What followed the Bronze age?
The iron Age when people learned to make tools and weapons out of iron
Where did people live in the Iron Age?
In large settlements of round houses, sometime defended by hill forts
What is Maiden Castle ?
A very impressive hill fort from the iron age in Dorset.
What did people do and speak during the Iron Age?
They were farmers, craft workers or warriors. They spoke a type of Celtic language similar to what is still spoken in Wales, Scotland and Ireland.
People of the Iron age?
Sophisticated culture and economy. Minted the first coins with the names of iron age Kings.
When did Julius Caesar try to invade Britain?
BC 55 but was unsuccessful for 100 years. Britain remained separate from the Roman Empire
When did the emperor Claudius invade Britain?
AD 43. The Roman were successfull in occupying almost all of Britain.
Who is Boudicca?
Queen of the Iceni (Eastern England) who fought the Roman. Statue of her in Westminster.
How long did the Roman remain in Britain?
For 400 years. They build roads, public buildings, created a structure of law and introduced plants and animals.
When did the first Christian communities appear in Britain?
During the 3rd and 4th Century AD.
When and Why did the Roman Army leave Britain?
In 410 AD to defend other parts of the Roman Empire. They never returned.
What happened after the Roman Army left Britain?
Britain was invaded by tribes from Northern Europe. The Jutes, the Angles and the Saxons. The language they spoke are the basis of modern English.
When were Anglo Saxon kingdoms established ?
By about AD 600.
Where were the Anglo Saxons kingdom?
Mainly in Britain. Parts fot the west of Britain, including Wales and most of what is now Wales and Scottland remained free.
What was found at Sutton Hoo in Suffolk?
The burial place of one of the Anglo Saxons King. He was buried with treasure and a armour, in a ship.
Religion and the Anglo Saxon
Not Christians at first. Missionaries from Ireland started to preah in Britain. St Patick and St Columba in the North (founded the monastry on the Iona). St Augustine led missionaries from Rome in the South and became the first Archbishop of Canterbury.
When did the Viking come?
First in 789 AD, from Denmark, Norway and Sweded. Raid coastal towns to take goods and slaves. Then they became to stay and form communities in the East of England and Scotland
Who is Alfred the Great?
Anglo Saxon king who united the Anglo Saxon kingdoms in England to defeat the Vikings.
What happened to the Vikings after they were defeated?
Many stayed in Britain, in the east and North of England, in an area known as the Danelaw. They mixed with the local communities and some converted to Christianity.
What happened in England/Scotland after the Vikings were defeated?
In England, Anglo Saxons Kigs continued to rule, except for a short period of time when Danish Canute ruled.
In the north, people united agains the threat of the Vikings under one King, Kenneth Mc Alpin. Begining of Scotland.
Who is Kenneth Mc Alpin?
First king of the north of Britain when it starts being referred to as Scotland. People were united against the threat of the Vikings.
What happened in 1066?
Battle of Hastings. Norman conquest led by William duke of Normandy. He defeated the Saxon King of Britain, Harold. William became king of England and is known as William the Conqueror. Bayeux Tapestry.
When was the battle of Hastings?
- Norman conquest led by William duke of Normandy. He defeated the Saxon King of Britain, Harold. William became king of England and is known as William the Conqueror. Bayeux Tapestry in France.
What changes did the Normans bring?
Norman French spoken by the ruling class. Influenced modern English. Many changes in government and social structure in England.
Was wales invaded by the Normans?
Yes at first, but then Welsh gradually worn territory back.
Was Scotland invaded by the Normanrs ?
Some territory at the Borders but the Normans did not invade Scotland.
What is the Domesday Book?
William sent people all over England to draw up lists of all the towns and villages whit who lived there, what land and animals they owned. Still exists today.
