The Treaty of Birgham (1290)

Question 1

What was the Treaty of Birgham?

Answer 1

A marriage contract between Margaret (Maid of Norway) and Edward I’s son, securing peace and Scotland’s independence.

Question 2

Why was the marriage proposal seen as positive?

Answer 2

It was believed to avoid Civil War and strengthen relations between Scotland and England.

Question 3

What did the Guardians of Scotland want from the Treaty of Birgham?

Answer 3

To secure the marriage and maintain Scotland’s independence.

Question 4

What were the main points of the Treaty of Birgham? (FOUR)

Answer 4

Edward I would respect Scotland’s borders.
No Scottish parliament would be held in England.
Scottish laws, customs, and freedoms would be preserved.
The Scottish Church would remain independent from the English Church.