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Neuroanatomy > The Thalamus > Flashcards

The Thalamus Flashcards

1
Q

Where is the thalamus located?

A

In the diencephalon, on either side of the third ventricles

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2
Q

What do the two thalami form?

A

The lateral walls of the third ventricles and the floor of the lateral ventricles

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3
Q

What does the lateral cell group of the thalamus comprise of?

A

The ventral and dorsal nuclear tiers

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4
Q

Where are the lateral and medial geniculate nuclei located in the thalamus?

A

At the posterior pole

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5
Q

What is the external medullary lamina composed of?

A

Thalamocortical and corticothalamic fibres

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6
Q

Where does the reticular nucleus lie?

A

Between the external medullary lamina and the internal capsule

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7
Q

What are the functional types that thalami nuclei may be categorised into?

A

Rely or specific, nonspecific or associative nuclei

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8
Q

What are the relay nuclei connected to?

A

Specific motor and sensory areas of the cerebral cortex

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9
Q

Why are non-specific nuclei termed this?

A

They are not specific to any one modality

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10
Q

What regions of brain are associative nuclei connected to?

A

Association areas of cerebral cortex

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11
Q

Where is the anterior nuclear group located?

A

Anterior portion of thalamus extending to its anterior pole

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12
Q

What is the anterior nuclear group part of?

A

Papez circuit

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13
Q

Where does the anterior nuclear group receive a large afferent supply from?

A

The mammillary body of the hypothalamus via the mammilothalamic tract

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14
Q

Where does the anterior nuclear group primarily project to?

A

The cingulate gyrus

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15
Q

Where is the lateral cell group located?

A

The ventral nuclear tier

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16
Q

What does the ventral anterior nucleus form?

A

The cognitive loop of the basal ganglia

17
Q

Where does the ventral anterior nucleus receive afferent fibres from?

A

The ipsilateral globus pallidus

18
Q

Where do fibres from the ventral anterior nucleus project fibres to?

A

The prefrontal and premotor cortices

19
Q

What does the ventral lateral nuclues form?

A

Part of the motor loop of the basal ganglia

20
Q

Where does the anterior part of the ventral lateral nucleus receive fibres from?

A

The ipsilateral globus pallidus

21
Q

Where does the anterior ventral lateral nucleus project fibres to?

A

The supplementary motor cortex

22
Q

Where does the posterior part of the of the ventral lateral nucleus receive fibres from?

A

From contralateral cerebellum via the dentatorubrothalamo-cortical tract

23
Q

Where does the posterior part of the ventral lateral nucleus project fibres to?

A

The primary motor cortex

24
Q

Where does the ventral posterior nucleus receive fibres from?

A

All fibres carrying general sensory information via medial, spinal and trigeminal lemnisci

25
Q

Where do fibres from ventral posterior nuclei project to?

A

The somato-sensory cortex

26
Q

What are the ventral posterior nuclei subdivided into?

A

the ventral posterolateral and ventral posteromedial nuclei

27
Q

Where does the lateral geniculate body receive fibres from?

A

Retinal fibres via the optic tract

28
Q

Where do fibres from the lateral geniculate nucleus project to?

A

The primary visual cortex via optic radiation

29
Q

What is the fxn of the medial geniculate nucleus?

A

The main thalami nuclei of the auditory pathway

30
Q

Where are the intralaminar nuclei located?

A

Embedded into the internal lining of the medullary lamina of the thalamus

31
Q

What is the anterior nucleus of the intralaminar nuclei part of?

A

The limbic-cingulate circuit- part of emotion loop

32
Q

What is the fxn of the medial dorsal nuclei of the intralaminar nuclei?

A

forms feedback loop with the frontal cortices to maintain level of wakefulness in executive frontal processing areas

33
Q

What is the fxn of the centromedian nucles of the intralaminar nuclei?

A

forms feedback loop with frontal and basal ganglia for motor alertness

34
Q

What does the anterior peduncle connect the thalamus to?

A

The prefrontal cortex and cingulate gyrus

35
Q

What does the superior peduncle attach the thalamus to?

A

Premotor, motor and somatic sensory cortex

36
Q

What does the posterior peduncle connect the thalamus with?

A

The occipital lobe and posterior parts of the parietal and temporal lobes

37
Q

Where does the inferior peduncle reach to?

A

The temporal and orbital cortex

Neuroanatomy (17 decks)

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