Blood Supply to Brain Flashcards
Where do the internal carotid arteries enter the skull?
Carotid Canals
Where do the vertebral arteries enter the skull?
The foramen magnum
What does the circle of Willis surround?
The optic chiasma and the infundibulum of the pituitary stalk
What links the anterior cerebral arteries?
The anterior communicating branches
What does the basilar artery terminate as?
Two posterior cerebral arteries
What links the posterior cerebral arteries to the internal carotid arteries?
Two posterior communicating branches
What supplies the grey matter from the external surfaces of each hemisphere?
Superficial Cortical (pial) arteries
What supplies the subcortical nuclei from the inferior surface?
Perforating arteries
What part of the hemispheres do the anterior cerebral arteries supply?
The medial surfaces as far back as parieto-occipital sulci
What gives off the recurrent artery of Heubner?
The anterior cerebral artery
What do they posterior cerebral arteries supply?
The splenium of the corpus callosum and the cortex of the occipital and inferior temporal lobes
What supplies the primary visual cortices?
The posterior cerebral artery
Which arteries give off the posterior choroidal arteries?
The posterior cerebral arteries- supply choroid plexus of lateral ventricles
Which arteries give off thalamoperforating branches?
The posterior cerebral arteries
Which arteries are the posterior cerebral arteries embryologically derived from?
The internal carotids
Which artery passes through the lateral fissure to the insula?
The middle cerebral artery
Which artery gives off the lateral striate arteries?
The middle cerebral arteries
What is the chief cause of classical stroke?
Occlusion of the lateral striate arteries
What does the upper division of the middle cerebral artery supply?
The frontal and anterior parietal lobes from their lateral surfaces
What does the lower division of the middle cerebral artery supply?
The posterior parietal lobe, superior temporal lobe and midregion of optic radiation
Which arteries supply the midbrain?
Posterior cerebral and posterior communicating arteries
Which artery gives off the labyrinthine artery?
Anterior inferior cerebellar artery
Where are the superficial cerebral veins located?
The subarachnoid space
Where do the superficial cerebral veins drain to?
The intracranial venous sinus
Where does the upper part of each hemisphere drain to?
The sagittal sinus via superior cerebral veins
Where does the middle part of each hemisphere drain to?
The cavernous sinus via superficial middle cerebral vein
Where does the lower part of each hemisphere drain to?
Transverse sinuses
Which veins drain the subcortical nuclei?
Deep cerebral veins
What does the talamostriate vein drain?
The thalamus and caudate nucleus
Which veins unite to form the internal cerebral vein?
The thalamostriate vein and a choroidal vein
Which veins unite to form the great cerebral vein of Galen?
The two internal cerebral veins
Where does the basal vein empty to?
The great cerebral vein of Galen
What controls cerebral blood flow?
Autoregulation
What do astrocytes in BBB express?
Aquaporin 4 water channels
