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The systemic circulation Flashcards

1
Q

What are vessels arranged in ?

A

Series - all blood flows round

Parallel- can split off

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2
Q

What do capillaries have?

A

greatest cross section area in vessels

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3
Q

Where is the majority of blood found at any given time?

A

Venous blood

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4
Q

What happens to velocity as Cross Sec. area increases?

A

DECREASES

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5
Q

Where is the velocity flow the fastest?

A

aorta and major arteries

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6
Q

Where is the velocity flow the slowest?

A

capillaries - so exchange can occur

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7
Q

What is Vasculature made of?

A 
Aorta
arteries
arterioles
capillaries
venules
veins
vena cava
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8
Q

What are 3 distinct layers of blood vessel walls?

A

1) Tunica adventitia- connective tissue, OUTER
2) Tunica Media- smooth muscle and elastin in lumen
3) Tunica Intima- endothelium

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9
Q

What is the Arterial system?

A

1) Elastic arteries
2) muscular arteries
3) Arterioles

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10
Q

`What are elastic arteries ?

A

aorta and major arteries

- large diameter & low resistance so flows fast

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11
Q

Where is there a lot of elastin in elastic arteries?

A

tunica media

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12
Q

What are muscular arteries?

A

deliver blood to specific organs

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13
Q

What are muscular arteries like?

A

smaller with wide diameter and less Elastin

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14
Q

where is a lot of smooth muscle in muscular arteries?

A

tunica media

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15
Q

What does smooth muscle do?

A

control diameter

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16
Q

What are arterioles?

A

deliver blood to capillary beds

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17
Q

what is tunica media in arterioles?

A

smooth muscle so vasoconstriction/dilation

18
Q

What do capillaries have?

A

small diameter - one blood cell at a time

19
Q

What are 2 types of capillaries ?

A

continuous capillary

Fenestrated capillary

20
Q

What are continuous capillary?

A

have tight intracellular gaps between endothelial cells

21
Q

What are fenestrated capillaries?

A

fenestrations
wider intracellular gaps
allow filtration of small solutes/ permeable fluids

22
Q

What are the Metarteriole Bypasses?

A

vessel that bypass true capillaries

23
Q

What is Precapillary Sphincter?

A

ring of smooth muscle - regulates capillary flow

24
Q

What is venous system?

A

Veins

venules

25
Q

What are Venules?

A

when capillaries come together

26
Q

What are walls of Large venules like?

A

thinly dispersed tunica media and adventitia

27
Q

What are veins like?

A

thin walls
large lumen
have valves

28
Q

why are veins called capacitance vessels?

A

accommodate large amount of blood

29
Q

What do all vessels but capillary/ venule have ?

A
  • endothelial cells
  • elastin
  • smooth muscle
  • collagen
30
Q

What happens blood closer to heart?

A

greater the pressure

31
Q

Where is systemic blood pressure highest?

A

Aorta

32
Q

Where is systemic blood pressure lowest?

A

Atrium

33
Q

What do arterioles regulate?

A

blood pressure in systemic blood pressure

34
Q

What is Systolic pressure?

A

highest arterial pressure

35
Q

What is Diastolic pressure?

A

lowest arterial pressure

36
Q

How to measure blood pressure?

A

Sphygomomanometer

37
Q

when do Korotkoff sounds occur?

A

laminar flow in artery interrupted

38
Q

What is Arteriole end of capillary bed pressure like?

A

lower than Venous end of capillary bed

39
Q

What is Venous blood pressure like?

A

low and steady

40
Q

What causes increase in Venous return ?

A

1) increase in blood volume
2) Skeletal muscle pump
3) Respiratory pump
4) Venoconstrictions

41
Q

What is respiratory pump?

A

INSPIRE = compresses abdominal veins and thoracic veins expand

42
Q

What is the Skeletal pump?

A

skeletal muscle contract it squeezes veins

HEART (11 decks)

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