The structure of the heart

Question 1

Where do ventricles pump blood?

Answer 1

They pump blood away or towards the heart.

Question 2

Where do atria receive blood from?

Answer 2

Veins.

Question 3

How many pumps does the human heart have?

Answer 3

2

Question 4

Pump on the left deals with … blood from the lungs.

Answer 4

oxygenated

Question 5

Pump on the right deals with … blood from the body.

Answer 5

Deoxygenated

Question 6

Each pump has 2 chambers. What are they called and what is their structure like?

Answer 6

Atria - Thin-walled, elastic and stretches as it collects blood.
Ventricle - Much thicker muscular wall as it has to contract strongly in order to pump blood some distance, either to the lungs or the rest of the body.

Question 7

Why are 2 separate pumps needed?

Answer 7

Blood has to pass through the capillaries in the lungs in order to present a large SA for the flow of gases. When blood passes through, there is a large pressure drop. This would make the blood flow around the body too slow.
So, blood is returned to the heart to the heart to increase its pressure before its distributed to the rest of the body.

Question 8

What is different between the left and right ventricle?

Answer 8

The right ventricle pumps blood to the lungs and has a thinner muscular wall.
The left ventricle has a thicker muscular wall enabling it to create enough pressure to pump blood to the rest of the body.

Question 9

What do the valves between the atria and the ventricles do?

Answer 9

Valves prevent the back-flow of blood into the atria when the ventricle contracts.

Question 10

What are the 2 valves that connect the atria and the ventricles?

Answer 10

bicuspid - left atrioventricular valve

tricuspid - right atrioventricular valve

Question 11

What are the 4 pulmonary vessels? (vessels connecting heart to lungs)

Answer 11

Aorta
Vena cava
pulmonary artery
pulmonary vein

Question 12

What is the function of the aorta?

Answer 12

It’s connected to the left ventricle and carries oxygenated blood to all parts of the body except the lungs.

Question 13

What is the function of the vena cava?

Answer 13

It’s connected to the right atrium and brings deoxygenated blood back from the tissues of the body.

Question 14

What is the function of the pulmonary artery?

Answer 14

Connected to the right ventricle and takes deoxygenated blood to the lungs.
Its unusual as it carries artery yet carries deoxygenated blood.

Question 15

What is the function of the pulmonary vein?

Answer 15

Connected to the left atrium and brings oxygenated blood back from the lungs.
Its unusual as its a vein yet carries oxygenated blood.

Question 16

What supplies oxygen to the heart allowing it to function?

Where are these vessels?

Answer 16

Coronary arteries

They branch off the aorta shortly after it leaves the heart.

Question 17

What type of vessels usually carry deoxygenated blood?

Answer 17

Veins

Question 18

What type of vessels usually carry oxygenated blood?

Answer 18

Arteries

Question 19

Ventricles pump blood … the heart and into the …

Answer 19

Ventricles pump blood away from the heart and into the arteries.

Question 20

What vessel carries blood as it leaves the left ventricle?

Answer 20

The aorta.