ATP Flashcards
What does ATP stand for?
AdenosineTriPhosphate
What makes up an ATP molecule?
Adenine = a nitrogen-containing organic base
Ribose = Sugar molecule with a 5-carbon ring that acts as the backbone to which the other parts are attached.
Phosphates = A chain of 3 phosphate groups.
Why are phosphate groups key to how ATP stores energy?
What happens when the bonds between phosphate groups break?
The bonds between these phosphate groups are unstable and so have low activation energy, which means that they’re easily broken.
When they break they release a considerable amount of energy.
What are the reactants for the hydrolysis/breakdown of ATP?
ATP + H2O
What are the products for the breakdown/hydrolysis of ATP?
ADP + Pi + E
adenosinediphosphate + an inorganic phosphate group and energy
What enzyme catalyses the hydrolysis of ATP?
ATP hydrolase
Conversion of ATP to ADP is a … reaction
Conversion of ATP to ADP is a reversible.
How can ADP be turned into ATP?
By adding an inorganic phosphate group.
What enzyme catalyses the synthesis of ATP?
What type of reaction is this?
ATP synthase.
Condensation reaction.
The synthesis of ATP from ADP involves the addition of a phosphate molecule to ADP. It occurs in 3 ways;
- In chlorophyll-containing plant cells during photosynthesis.
- In plant and animal cells during respiration.
- In plant and animal cells when phosphate groups are transferred from donor molecules to ATP.
ATP is the … energy store as it releases energy very …
ATP is the immediate energy store as it releases energy very rapidly.
ATP is too … to be a long-term energy store
ATP is too unstable to be a long-term energy store.
What type of energy store is ATP?
A short term energy store.
What type of quantities of ATP do cells store?
Small quantities that maintain a few second’s supply.
