The Structure and Function of Fascia

Question 1

What is Fascia?

Answer 1

Sheet of tissue surrounding deep structures of body
Envelops, separates, or binds anatomical structures
Types of CT - ECM and Cells

Superficial and Deep

Question 2

Superficial Fascia

Answer 2

• Loose CT
• Collagen and elastic fibres

Question 3

Deep Fascia

Answer 3

Deep organised CT
Devoid of adipose tissue

Question 4

Where is fascia found?

Answer 4

Throughout body
Superficial - subcutaneous tissues, thickness varies and distribution varies

Deep - deep to superficial fascia, almost everywhere, investing fascia

Question 5

Functions of Fascia

Answer 5

Packing and Insulation

Thermoregulation
Protective padding
Support
Reduces friction
Transmits mechanical force
Proprioceptive feedback
Myofascial system

Question 6

Compartment Syndrome

Answer 6

Increased pressure from swelling tissue or increased fluid
Affects functions of muscles or nerves
Fasciotomy needed in emergencies

Question 7

Fascial Planes and Infection Spread

Answer 7

Structures are ‘compartmentalised’ by ‘tubes’ of deep fascia

Infection tends to spread within fascial compartments, or in between fascial compartments

The deep fascia helps to prevent the spread of infection from one compartment to another

Cervical fascial planes connect the base of the skull to the superior mediastinum

Question 8

MSK Conditions

Answer 8

Plantar Fascitis
- Fasciopathy
- Panful disorder
- Supports arches of foot
- Muscles of calf may be involved

Question 9

Fascial FIbrosis

Answer 9

Fascial degeneration/thickening
Similar to scaring
Excess fascia deposited
E.g. Dupuytren’s COntracture
- Pathology of palmar fascia
- Thickened and shortened
- Fixed flexion deformity

Question 10

MSK Conditions 2

Answer 10

Myofascial pain syndrome
- chronic or acute
- pain originates from muscle and surrounding fascia
- trigger points