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Intro to Med > The Skeletal system > Flashcards

The Skeletal system Flashcards

1
Q

What is superior?

A

Top of body

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2
Q

What is inferior?

A

Bottom of body

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3
Q

What is proximal?

A

towards middle/up

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4
Q

What is distal?

A

towards hand/feet

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5
Q

What is medial?

A

Middle line

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6
Q

What is lateral?

A

out to sides

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7
Q

What is anterior?

A

front of body

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8
Q

What is posterior?

A

Back of body

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9
Q

What is ventral?

A

front of body

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10
Q

What is dorsal?

A

Back of body

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11
Q

What is a process?

A

outgrow from larger piece of bone- forms connection with another part

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12
Q

What is a foramen?

A

opening that allows connection of nerves, arteries or veins between structures

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13
Q

What is articulation?

A

a joint between bones/cartilages

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14
Q

What is a suture?

A

rigid unmovable joint between bones- allows growth of skeleton when developing

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15
Q

What is a sinus?

A

hollow spaces in skull and face- around nose

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16
Q

What is a fossa?

A

shallow depression in bone shape

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17
Q

How many bones does an infant vs. adult have?

A

Infant: 350
Adult: 214

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18
Q

What are the two skeletal systems?

A

Axial and Appendicular

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19
Q

What are the 6 bone classifications?

A

long bones, short bones, flat bones, irregular bones, sesamoid, accessory bones

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20
Q

Give an example of a flat bone

A

skull, ribs or pelvis

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21
Q

Give an example of a sesamoid bone

A

knee, wrist (floating bones)

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22
Q

What are the main functions of bones?

A

Haumatopoeisis (blood cell production), Protection of vital organs, framework for support, movement, store of minerals and nutrients

23
Q

How many cranial bones are there?

A

8

24
Q

How many facial bones are there?

A

14

25
Q

What are the cranial bones called?

A

frontal bone, parietal bones, temporal bone, occipital bone, sphenoid bone, ethmoid bone

26
Q

What does the frontal bone do?

A

protects front of brain

27
Q

Where are the parietal bones?

A

Superior sides and roof of cranium

28
Q

How many parts make up the temporal bone?

A

4

29
Q

What does the occipital bone do?

A

protects posterior part of brain

30
Q

Where is the sphenoid bone found?

A

base of cranium

31
Q

What is the ethmoid bone the roof of?

A

Nasal cavity

32
Q

What are the facial bones called?

A

Nasal, lacrimal, inferior nasal concha, maxilla, mandible, vomer, zygomatic, palatine

33
Q

A lot of the facial bones are pairs- true or false?

A

true

34
Q

The mandible is the only moveable bone in the skull- true or false?

A

true

35
Q

When do the mandible halves fuse together in life?

A

1-2 years

36
Q

Where do you find the maxilla bones?

A

either side of nose- make up the upper jaw

37
Q

What shape are the palatine bones?

A

L shaped

38
Q

What are the cheek bones called?

A

zygomatic bones

39
Q

What are the nasal bones attached to?

A

lower nasal cartilage

40
Q

Where do you find the lacrimal bones?

A

In the medial wall of orbit, behind frontal process of maxilla

41
Q

What does the vomer bone form?

A

Posterior and inferior part of nasal septum and divides nasal cavities

42
Q

What shape are the inferior nasal conchae?

A

Shaped like curved leaves

43
Q

What is the vertebrae made up of?

A

hyoid bone, vertebral column, verterbrae

44
Q

Where is the hyoid bone?

A

Root of tongue, in the front of neck between lower jaw and thyroid cartilages

45
Q

What are the 5 parts of the vertebral column?

A

cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum, coccyx

46
Q

What does the vertebral column do?

A

protects spinal cord

47
Q

What are the two special vertebrae at the top of the spine called?

A

Atlas (joins to skull) and Axis (allows rotation and movement of head)

48
Q

What is the bony thorax made up of?

A

sternum and ribs

49
Q

What is the sternum?

A

breastbone that provides anterior attachment site for ribs and protective cage for heart and lungs

50
Q

How many pairs of ribs do we have?

A

12

51
Q

How many true ribs do we have?

A

7 (1-7)

52
Q

How many false ribs do we have?

A

2 (8-10

53
Q

How many floating ribs do we have?

A

2 (11-12)

Intro to Med (9 decks)

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