Cerebral Cortex Flashcards
What are sulci?
grooves
What are gyri?
raised ridges
What are the four brain lobes called?
Parietal, Occipital, Temporal, Frontal
Where is the parietal lobe found and what does it do?
Middle, processes sensory info
Where is the temporal lobe and what does it do?
Bottom, memory speech perception and language
Where is the occipital lobe and what does it do?
Back, interprets visual stimuli and info
Where is the frontal lobe and what does it do?
front, reasoning, motor skills, cognitive development and expressive language
What makes up the brain stem?
Midbrain, Pons, Medulla (part linking to brain stem)
What does the midbrain do?
Nerve pathway of cerebral hemispheres, auditory and visual reflex centre
What does the pons do?
receives messages from spine and brain, centre for regulating breathing
what does the medulla do?
attaches to the spinal cord, controls parts of the body under involuntary control e.g. heart rate
What is the thalamus?
relay point in the brain, processes sensory impulses and mediates sleep/wake cycle- connects with all regions of brain
What is the hypothalamus?
main integrating system for autonomic nervous system
What do ascending (sensory) tracts carry?
impulses up spine to brain
What do descending (motor) tracts transmit?
impulses down spinal cord to efferent neurones
Each spinal nerve has…
a ventral root (anterior) and a dorsal root (posterior)
Are spinal nerves mixed or not?
Yes- 2 way highway!
Put the spinal cord areas in the correct order from head to toe
- cervical
- thoracic
- lumbar
- sacral
- coccygeal
Upper motor neurone pathways include…
pyramidal tract and extrapyramidal tract
Lower motor neurone pathways include
Final common pathway and control circuits (cerebular and basal ganglia)
What is CNI?
Olfactory (SENSORY)
What is CNII?
Optic (SENSORY)
What is CNIII?
Oculomotor (MOTOR)
What is CNIV?
Trochlear (MOTOR)
What is CNV?
Trigmeninal (three routes) (SENSORY/MOTOR)
What is CNVI?
Abducens (MOTOR)
What is CNVII?
Facial (SENSORY/MOTOR)
What is CNVIII?
Auditory (SENSORY)
What is CNIX?
Glossopharyngeal (SENSORY/MOTOR)
What is CNX?
Vagus (SENSORY/MOTOR)
What is CNXI?
Accessory (MOTOR)
What is CNXII?
Hypoglossal (MOTOR)
