Physiology of Head and Neck Flashcards
What are the head and neck made up of?
bones, cartilages, muscles, tendons and ligaments
How many portions does the skull have?
2- mandible and cranium
What are head and neck muscles responsible for?
expression, speech, chewing, breathing
What are the muscles of the head?
Epicranius- long flat smooth muscles
Can muscles of the head move forward and backward?
yes
how many muscles make up the auricula ( around ear)?
3- front, above and behind ear
How many muscles are in the eye?
7
What do muscles of the eye do?
provide voluntary and involuntary blinking, tear duct control and movement of the eye ball
What do muscles of the nose do?
operate nostrils, lift upper lip, draw brows down, give facial features
What are muscles of the nose innervated by?
facial nerve (CNVII)
Are there lots of muscles in the mouth?
Yes
What does the frontalis muscle do?
elevates eyebrows and is used for frowning
What does the depressor anguloris do?
depresses corner of mouth
What does the nasalis do?
flares nostrils
What does the zygomaticus major do?
smiling and laughter
What does the mentalis do?
expressions of doubt
Is facial nerve unilateral or bilateral?
unilateral
What muscles are involved in mastication?
masseter, medial, lateral pterygoids, termporalis
What innervates the muscles of mastication?
Trigeminal nerve (CNV)
What are the superficial muscles in the neck called?
Platysma, sternocleidomastoid, trapezius,
What are the muscles in the neck that are attached to the hyoid bone?
Suprahyoid muscles, infrahyoid muscles
What are the other muscles in the neck called?
Suboccipital muscles, scalene muscles
