The sign test

Question 1

What is significance?

Answer 1

To determine whether findings have occurred by chance or not

Question 2

What is the sign test?

Answer 2

A statistical test

Question 3

What are statistical tests used for?

Answer 3

To test significance of a set of scores

Question 4

What makes a difference/correlation significant?

Answer 4

If it is unlikely to be due to chance

Question 5

What is the accepted level of probability in psychology?

Answer 5

0.05

Question 6

How is probability expressed?

Answer 6

As a number between 0 to 1

Question 7

What does an probability of 0 mean?

Answer 7

An event will definitely not happen

Question 8

What does a probability of 1 mean?

Answer 8

An event will definitely happen

Question 9

What data is needed for a sign test?

Answer 9

Related data

Question 10

Where does related data come from?

Answer 10

A repeated measures design

Question 11

What type of test is needed for the sign test?

Answer 11

A test of difference

Question 12

What is a test of difference?

Answer 12

Investigating the effect of the IV on the DV

Question 13

What form of data is needed for the sign test?

Answer 13

Nominal data

Question 14

What is nominal data?

Answer 14

Data in discrete categories

Question 15

What are the steps of the sign test?

Answer 15

1. Convert data into nominal data if one score is higher (+), lower (-) or equal (=) to the other
2. Count up number of signs, ignoring =, this is the S value
3. Compare the S value to critical value based off N (total number of partcipants minus neutral participants), using 0.05
4. The calculated value must be equal or less to the critical value to be significant

Question 16

When may you use a lower critical value?

Answer 16

In a drug trial or when a study will only be conducted once