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Clinical Prac > The Shoulder > Flashcards

The Shoulder Flashcards

1
Q

What 4 bones are involved in the shoulder joint?

A
  • Humerus, Scapula, Clavicle, Sternum
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2
Q

What are the 3 joints of the shoulder?

A
  • Glenohumeral joint
  • Acromioclavicular joint
  • Sternoclavicular joint
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3
Q

Sternoclavicular joint kinematics: Elevation?

A

Clavicle rolls upwards and simultaneously slides downwards into sternum (stretches the costoclavicular ligament)

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4
Q

Sternoclavicular joint kinematics: Depression?

A

Head of the clavicle rolls downwards and simultaneously slides upwards in the concavity of the sternum (stretches the interclavicular ligaments and superior part of the joint capsule)

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5
Q

Sternoclavicular joint kinematics: Protraction

(opposite to P - retraction gets P, protractions gets A)

A

Clavicle slides and rolls anteriorly relative to the convex surface of the sternum

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6
Q

Sternoclavicular joint kinematics: Retraction

A

Concave articular surface of clavicle slides and rolls posteriorly relative to convex surface of sternum (stretches the anterior face costoclavicular ligament and joint capsule)

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7
Q

Sternoclavicular joint kinematics: Anterior and posterior rotation?

A

During flexion posteriorly rotates 50-60 degrees, and during extension it rotates anteriorly 30 degrees)

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8
Q

Glenohumeral joint kinematics: External rotation

A

Convex head of humerus rolls backwards and slides forward

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9
Q

Glenohumeral joint kinematics: Internal rotation

A

Convex head of humerus rolls forward and slides backwards

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10
Q

Glenohumeral joint kinematics: External rotation

Try the movement

A

Humeral head anteriorises and scapula tilts forward to increase ROM

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11
Q

Glenohumeral joint: Abduction

A

head of humerus rolls up and slides down

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12
Q

Glenohumeral joint: adduction

A

head of humerus rolls down and slides up

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13
Q

Supraspinatus

A

External rotation and abduction

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14
Q

Infraspinatus and teres minor

A

External rotation and adduction

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15
Q

Subscapularis

A

Internal rotation

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16
Q

What is scapulohumeral rhythm?

A

Is the coordinated movement between the scapula, clavicle and humerus during shoulder movements

17
Q

Phase 1 of scapulohumeral rhythm?

A

0-30 deg elevation
Humerus 30 degrees abduction
Clavicle 0-5 degrees of elevation
Scapula: minimal movement medially

18
Q

Phase 2 of scapulohumeral rhythm?

A

90 degrees elevation
Humerus 40 degrees abduction (up to 90)
Clavicle: 15 degrees of elevation
Scapula: 20 degrees lateral rotation

19
Q

Phase 3 of scapulohumeral rhythm?

A

180 degrees abduction
Humerus: 60 abduction, 90 degrees lateral rotation
Scapula: 30-40 degrees lateral rotation
Clavicle: 30-50 posterior rotation, 15 degrees elevation

20
Q

What is the ratio in scapulohumeral rhythm?

A

1:2 eg when the arm is abducted 180 degrees - 60 degrees occurs due to rotation of the scapula and 120 degrees occurs due to rotation of the humerus

21
Q

What would you test for in an AC Joint injury?

A

Special test: Horizontal adduction & O’Brien’s
ROM: Flexion/extension & internal/external rotation

22
Q

What would you test for a RC tear

A

Belly test, Gerber’s lift off & lag sign
External and internal rotation

23
Q

What would you test for a Subacromial impingement?

A

Neers, Hawkin-Kennedy, painful arc, empty can, resisted external
(3 out of 5 positive = SAI)

External and internal rotation

24
Q

What would you test for shoulder instability?

A

Sulcus sign, load and shift & apprehension test
ROM: Flexion/extension & internal/external rotation

25
Q

What would you test for SLAP?

A

Biceps load II test, Jerk & Passive compressive
ROM: Flexion/ext and internal or external rotation

26
Q

Mechanism of injury SLAP?

A

Fall on outstretched arm, clicking/popping and pain in overhead movements

27
Q

Mechanism of injury for an SAI?

A

Isolated traumatic event or repetitive movements. Sharp catching pain, difficulty reaching behind the back or overhead.

28
Q

Mechanism of injury for instability?

A

Anterior (dislocation): forced ER & ABD
Posterior (dislocation): fall onto outstretched, internally rotated arm
Multidirectional instability: No MOI

29
Q

Mechanism for AC?

A

Fall on outstretched arm, pain on palpation and compression, pain in ADL’s eg ABD + ER

30
Q
A

Clinical Prac (10 decks)

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