Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

HPL > The Sensory system > Flashcards

The Sensory system Flashcards

1
Q

Hvað er Myopia?

A

Nærsýni

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Sensory inputs to the seat of the pants feeling is

a) blood rushing to legs
b) subcutaneous pressure sensors and muscle activity sensors

A

b) subcutaneous pressure sensors and muscle activity sensors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Hvað er presbyopia?

A

held þetta sé hrörnun sjónar með aldri. (Loss of the elasticity of the crystalline lens).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The normal visual acuity allows discrimination of two different points under an angle of __ minute of arc

A

1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

If you reduce bank following a prolonged turn you can experience _______ illusion

A

somatogyral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

cones detect ____ vision and are sensitive to hypoxia.

A

color

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

semicircular canals of the ears monitor ____ accelerations.

A

angular.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Vertigo is the result of ____ effect

A

Coriolis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Hvað getum við talað mörg orð á mínútu? En hlustað?

A

Getum hlustað á 500 orð á mínútu og talað 125 orð á mínútu.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The vestibular apparatus consists of the semi-circular canals and the ____.

A

otoliths.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The risk of getting spatial disorientation is growing when there is contradictory information between the ___ and the vestibular organs.

A

instruments.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Rhodopsine is a chemical called ______ which is sometimes preseent in ____ cells

A

“visual purple”, present i rod cells.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Hvað gerir rhodopsine?

A

Leyfir night vision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Coriolis illusion happens when stimulating several ____ canals simultaneously.

A

semicircular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Hvar eru semicircular canals?

A

inner ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The three coats of the eye are: Sclera, uvea og ____

A

retina.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Ef þú ert í bíl sem er kjurr og ef það er annar bíll sem keyrir framhjá og þér finnst þú vera að hreyfast þá kallast það

a) illusion of relative movement
b) somato-gravic illusion

A

a) illusion of relative movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Glaucoma is

a) high intra-ocular pressure
b) disturbed adaption

A

a) high intra-ocular pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

The autonomic nervous system (ANS) regulates sweating, arterial pressure, body temperature and the General ______

A

adaption syndrome.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Which part of the inner ear is responsible for the perception of sound?

A

The cochlea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The middle ear contains three ossicles, known as the __, __ and the __.

A

hammer, anvil and stirrup. They transmit vibration into the cochlea in the inner ear, where the soundwaves are pcked up by the sound receptors.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Resonance of the body parts can result from:

a) vibrations from 1 - 100 Hz
b) angular velocity

A

a) vibrations from 1 - 100 Hz

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Hvort er rétt?

a) Rods are concentrated around the outer edges of the fovea
b) cones give the best visual acuity

A

b) cones give the best visual acuity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

The ____ passes information from sensory inputs to the CNS through sensory and motor nerves.

A

PNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Disorientation is more likely to occur when the pilot is

a) flying in IMC
b) frequently changing between inside and outside references
c) flying from IMC into VMC
d) approaching over still water at night.

A

a) flying in IMC
b) frequently changing between inside and outside references - hélt að þú ættir nú að gera sem mest af þessu, weird.
d) approaching over still water at night.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

The sense of balance comes from the _____ in the inner ear

A

vestibular system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

the three semi circular canals detect _____ accelerations, while the saccule and utricle espond to ____ accelerations

A

angular, linear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Downward sloping runway, you feel..

A

you are too low -> adjust so you are too high (and therefore land too fast and long).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Upward sloping runway, you feel you are …. and the approach will be…

A

you are too high, approach will be steeper. (If you are too high you will need to approach steep so that’s what you will do).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Er gasto-intestinal system involved in motion sickness?

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Which two things cause the convergence of light rays onto the retina?

A

Cornea and Crystalline lens of the eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

The refractive power of the lens is variable from 16 - __

A

30D

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

The proprioceptors inform you about your ____ motion and ____ position of the bodyparts.

A

relative, relative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Sunglasses with variable filtration (phototrope glasses), hver er ókosturinn?

A

Dependance on ultra-violet light which the cockpit glass screens out.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Seat-of-the-pants sense fær sín inputs frá: subcutaneous pressure receptors and ____ activity sensors

A

muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

When focusing on near objects the shape of the lens gets more ____.

A

spherical.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Hvað er hypermetropia og hvernig er það lagað?

A

fjarsýni, lagað með convex lense.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Which bends light the most?

a) The cornea
b) the lens

A

a) The cornea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

The cerebellum acts as a reflex centre for the co-ordination of ____.

A

equilibrium.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

The optic system of the eye consists of the cornea, lens and _____.

A

vitreous humour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Will the use of a flashlight impair night adaption?

A

yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

In presbyacusis, will you stop hearing low or high tones?

A

You lose perception of high tones first.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Smooth vision is achieved in the ____.

A

visual cortex.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

The eye moves in short jerky movements called ____.

A

saccades.

45
Q

How do neuronal signals travel along an axon and via the synapse?

a) Electrically along the axon, chemically via the synaptic gap.
b) Electrically both along the axon and via the synaptic gap.

A

a) Electrically along the axon, chemically via the synaptic gap.

46
Q

Is apathy a sympton of motion sickness?

A

yes

47
Q

The functional connection between the neurons of the nervous system is a structure called..

A

synapse

48
Q

how is glaucoma detected?

A

By pressure testing the eye ball.

49
Q

What illusion is involved in the “Graveyard spin”

A

Somatogyral illusion

50
Q

The vestibular apparatus responds to linear/angular acceleration and ___.

A

gravity.

51
Q

Hvernig er virkni Fovea um dag og svo nótt?

A

Best day vision but no night vision.

52
Q

Er gastrointestinal system involved in the onset of motion sickness?

A

Nei

53
Q

Hvað í auganu sér um acquisition of visual signal and encoding it into physiological data?

A

Retina

54
Q

Er Retina “a coat of the eye”?

A

já

55
Q

How to neurological signals travel along the synaptic gap? electrically/chemically?

A

chemically

56
Q

Perception of depth at medium range is through the ___ vision.

A

binocular.

57
Q

The ability of the lens to change it’s shape is called adaption/accomodation?

A

accomodation

58
Q

Sound waves are transferred from the outer ear to the inner ear by:

a) the cochlea
b) the ossicles

A

b) the ossicles

59
Q

Shortsightedness means

a) Eyeball is too short
b) Persons will start experiencing problems at a later age with presbyopia than usual
c) persons need a convex lens for correction.

A

b) Persons will start experiencing problems at a later age with presbyopia than usual

“shortsighted? you wont you short-changed when you grow old”

60
Q

Myopia is fixed with a ___ lens. The eyeball is too long/short

A

concave. Eyeball is too long.

61
Q

The cupula in the semicircular canal will be sent when a rotation begins. This is because the fluid (endolymph) within the semicircular canal ____ the accelerated canal walls.

A

lags behind.

62
Q

Vibrations can cause blureed vision. This is due to tuned resonance oscillations of the

a) eyeballs b) photosensitive cells c) optinc nerve
d) crystalline lens

A

a) eyeballs

63
Q

The part of the eye that bends the light the most is the ___.

A

cornea.

64
Q

The cornea is..

a) the lens of the eye
b) a clear portion of the eye where the light passes through

A

b) a clear portion of the eye where the light passes through

65
Q

How can vertigo be prevented in conditions of good visibility?

A

looking approximately 5° to one side of an object

66
Q

How much of our knowledge is acquired through hearing?

A

13%

67
Q

Hvað tekur það langan tíma að ná adaptation í háu ljósi og svo dimmu?

A

hátt ljós: 10 sec

dimmt: 30 min

68
Q

Hvað af þessu getur valdið vertigo?

a) disease only b) accelerations
c) pressure changes d) flashing lights

A

allt

69
Q

astigmatism is a condition caused by an _____ of the cornea of they eye

A

unequal curvature

70
Q

Eru “proprioceptive senses” involved in motion sickness?

A

já

71
Q

Hypoxia can affect night vision at approximately ___ ft.

A

5000

72
Q

You come to a narrow runway to land. On reaching your destination there is a risk of performing a ___ approach with a under/overshoot

A

low approach, undershoot.

73
Q

Pilot’s vertigo:

a) is the sensation to keep a rotation after completing a turn
b) is the condition of dizziness and/or tumbling sensation caused by contradictory impulses to the central nervous system (CNS).

A

b) is the condition of dizziness and/or tumbling sensation caused by contradictory impulses to the central nervous system (CNS).

74
Q

Hvað er autokinesis á mínu máli?

A

t.d. ef þú horfir á ljós lengi í myrkri, þá finnst þér það færast.

75
Q

Flying a coordinated level turn will

a) make the body’s pressure receptors feel an increased pressure along the body’s vertical axis.
b) make the seat-of-the-pants sense feel a decreased pressure along the body’s vertical axis.

A

a) make the body’s pressure receptors feel an increased pressure along the body’s vertical axis.

76
Q

Kemur frá litlum flugvelli og á alþjóðaflugvöll sem er með breiðari braut, þú mun líklega lenda í að framkvæma ___ approach with an over/undershoot

A

high approach, overshoot.

77
Q

Er það að nota sólgleraugu gott upp á lightnings in thunderstorms?

A

já, það virðist nú vera komið sem rétt svar í AE.

78
Q

Hvað þarftu mikinn hávaða í dB svo þú farir að finna sársauka?

A

140 db

79
Q

Presbyopia er aldurstengd fjarsýni eða nærsýni?

A

fjarsýni. (Mundu bara að eldra fólk er oft með lesgleraugu).

80
Q

Hvað gæti þessi verið að hrjást af? apathy, pallor, hyperventilation, nausea, salivation, cold sweats?

A

motion sickness

81
Q

At which altitude (within the “indifferent zone”) may degradation of night vision occur?

a) From approximately 1500m
b) 5000m - 7000m

A

a) From approximately 1500m

82
Q

Autokinesis can give the pilot the impression that

a) the aircraft is climbing
b) a star is another aircraft

A

b) a star is another aircraft

83
Q

The nervous system cells are capable of

a) slow generalized activity
b) efficient and rapid activity
c) both

A

c) both

84
Q

Sound waves are transferred from the outer ear to inner ear by the

A

ossicles

85
Q

What do the ossicles consist of?

A

hammer, anvil, stirrup

86
Q

The cones are located in the central part of the

A

retina

87
Q

Telst “ruptured tympanic membrane” vera conductive hearing loss? En damange to the auditory nerve?

A

Já, nei

88
Q

Skiptir frequency of noise máli upp á damaging effects of noise?

A

já

89
Q

Is the central vision very active both during day and night?

A

no

90
Q

The central vision represents a zone where about 150,000 ___ per mm are located to give high resolution capacity.

A

cones

91
Q

The seat-of-the-pants sense is including receptors in the muscles, ___ and joints sensitive to the position and movement of body parts.

A

tendons

92
Q

Describe the principle of information transfer along the axon of neurons.

a) charged molecules move along the axon towards the synapse
b) Electrons move along the axon towards the cell body.

A

a) charged molecules move along the axon towards the synapse

93
Q

Is glaucoma characterized by disturbed light adaption?

A

já

94
Q

The organ that transfers vibrations to nerve impulses in your ear is called..

A

the cochlea

95
Q

How should you scan for other traffic at night? Look to the side of the object and scan ___.

A

slowly.

96
Q

Vibrations can cause blurred vision. This is due to tuned resonance oscillations of the

a) crystalline lens
b) eyeballs

A

b) eyeballs

97
Q

What does the proprioceptive system do? Reacts to sensation from pressure on skin, joints and muscles and senses the _____ that have led to the term seat-of-the-pants flying.

A

movement

98
Q

Presbyopia causes a:

a) decrease of accomodation
b) mis-shaped cornea

A

a) decrease of accomodation

99
Q

Shortsightedness means

a) Person will start experiencing problems at a later age with presbyopia than usual
b) Person needs a convex lens for correction

A

a) Person will start experiencing problems at a later age with presbyopia than usual

100
Q

Light bleaches out visual purple (rhodopsine). For night vision to take place, visual purple must build up in the ___.

A

rods.

101
Q

Presbyopia causes the lens to ___

A

harden

102
Q

Illusion created by strong forward linear acceleration

a) oculogyral or leans
b) somatogravic or oculogravic

A

b) somatogravic or oculogravic

103
Q

What is the name of the error that occurs when you accelerate forward and feel you have a nose-high attitude?

A

Oculogravic illusion

104
Q

Þú kemur af stórum velli yfir á lítin völl (grönn flugbraut), þú getur lent í að taka low/high approach with under/overshoot

A

low approach, undershoot.

105
Q

Orientation in flight is accomplished by

a) eyes b) utriculus and sacculus
c) semicircular canals d) seat-of-the-pants sense

A

Allt

Utriculus and sacculus: Hluti af vestibular system

106
Q

Which is the audible range to human hearing?

a) between 20 MHz and 20,000 MHz
b) Between 20 Hz and 20 kHz

A

b) Between 20 Hz and 20 kHz

107
Q

Defective vision can appear in the form of the optical image forming in front of the retina. Þetta er

a) suffers from cataract
b) Short sighted

A

b) Short sighted

108
Q

Hvað er þetta? “Is the light-sensitive inner lining of the eye containing the photoreceptors essential for vision”

A

Retina of the eye

109
Q

Ruptured tympanic membrane, telst þetta conductive hearing loss?

A

já

HPL (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions