Risk - Kafli 15

Question 1

What are the categories of risk?

a. Objective/Sudden and Subjective/Gradual
b. Sudden/Impromptu and Gradual/Planned
c. External/Objective and Internal/Subjective
d. Impromptu/Objective and Planned/Subjective

Answer 1

c. External/Objective and Internal/Subjective

External risk factor er væntanlega eitthvað í fjarumhverfinu. Subjective risk er væntanlega eitthvað sem er matskennt.

Question 2

A decision is “good” when:

a. it can be implemented within the available time
b. time is not an issue. The decision must be correct
c. time can be an issue but the correct perception is the important factor
d. when other members of the crew agree

Answer 2

a. it can be implemented within the available time

Question 3

One of the possible problems of preparation is:

a. action slip
b. confirmation bias
c. error of commission
d. environment capture

Answer 3

c. error of commission

Question 4

Hvað er error in commission?

Answer 4

a mistake that consists of doing something wrong, such as including a wrong amount, or including an amount in the wrong place

Question 5

A person will tend to overestimate the frequency of:

a. a common but negative occurrence
b. a common but beneficial occurrence
c. a rare but beneficial occurrence
d. a rare but negative occurrence

Answer 5

c. a rare but beneficial occurrence

Question 6

Negative events tend to be overestimated when:

a. they are well published
b. obvious
c. under published
d. the results are unclear

Answer 6

a. they are well published

Question 7

The risk of an Airprox is normally:

a. overestimated
b. underestimated
c. discounted
d. accurately assessed

Answer 7

b. underestimated

Question 8

Evaluation of options in the decision-making process involves:

a. positive and negative considerations
b. values and costs
c. planned and impromptu considerations
d. assigning tasks

Answer 8

b. values and costs

Question 9

People tend to be biased to make a:

a. risky loss rather than a certain loss even if the expected loss from the former is greater
b. risky loss rather than a certain loss even if the expected loss from the former is less
c. risky loss rather than a certain loss even if the expected loss from the latter is greater
d. risky loss rather than a certain loss even if the expected loss from the latter is far greater

Answer 9

a. risky loss rather than a certain loss even if the expected loss from the former is greater

Þetta þýðir að ef manneskjan er “komin í tap” jafnvel þó að það borgi sig hlutfallslega að taka bara tapinu sem er komið.

Question 10

“Press-on-itis” is a:

a. common dilemma faced by all pilots
b. is only experienced by skilled pilots
c. only happens to inexperienced pilots
d. is rarely faced by good pilots

Answer 10

a. common dilemma faced by all pilots

Question 11

Hvað er press-on-itis

Answer 11

Press-on-itis is simply the decision to continue to the planned destination or toward the planned goal even when significantly less risky alternatives exist.

Question 12

The co-pilot is responsible for monitoring the implementation of the Commander’s decision.

a. True
b. False

Answer 12

b. False

Question 13

People tend to focus on salient cues.

a. True
b. False

Answer 13

a. True

salient þýðir augljóst

Question 14

In the decision-making process, what should follow “review and feedback”?

a. Assign tasks
b. Decide
c. Risk assessment
d. Diagnose and define objective

Answer 14

d. Diagnose and define objective

Held að þetta sé bara aftur byrjunin.. þeas þetta er hringferli og þetta er í raun byrjunin á nýjum hring.