The Senses Flashcards

1
Q

What type of receptor is involved in both smell and taste?

A

chemoreceptor

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2
Q

How do you know smell and taste are closely related?

A

when you have a cold, you cannot taste your food

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3
Q

The semicircular canals and the two tiny sacs behind them help to monitor what?

A

body position and balance

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4
Q

The fluid filled structure in the ear that sends information to the brain about sound is the

A

cochlea

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5
Q

What are the functions of rods?

A

to detect light (black and white)

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6
Q

What are the functions of cones?

A

to detect color

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7
Q

The part of the eye that contains the photoreceptor cells is called the?

A

retina

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8
Q

Where in your body are sensory receptors located?

A

found mostly in the skin and in some other areas

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9
Q

The main type of touch receptor is called?

A

mechanoreceptor

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10
Q

What can mechanoreceptors detect?

A

pressure, vibration, texture

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11
Q

Where would you find a higher density of mechanoreceoptors?

A

in more sensitive areas (hands, face)

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12
Q

What part of the brain is the incoming tactile information sent to?

A

primary somatosensory cortex (post central gyrus)

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13
Q

What is a homunculus?

A

picture depicting someones most sensitive areas

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14
Q

Which type of receptor detects temperature?

A

thermoreceptor

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15
Q

Where are thermoreceptors located?

A

skin and hypothalamus

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16
Q

What are the thermoreceptors in the hypothalamus detecting

A

blood temperature

17
Q

Why are heat receptors located more superficial?

A

so that you recognize something hot fast

18
Q

Which type of receptor detects pain?

A

nociceptors

19
Q

What do nociceptors respond to?

A

pain from a physical injury or chemicals that are released as a result of inflammation or infection

20
Q

Where are nociceptors located?

A

all over your body, EXCEPT your brain!

21
Q

What do taste buds detect?

A

salt, sweet, sour, bitter, savory (unami)

22
Q

What types of foods may be detected by the unami taste buds?

A

foods with MSG (chinese food, fast food), meat, cheese

23
Q

What are the two main functions of the ear?

A

hearing and balance

24
Q

Which receptors detect both hearing and position?

A

mechanoreceptors

25
What is sound?
vibrations moving through the air
26
What kind of vibrations can your ear distinguish?
pitch and loudness
27
What happens when sound waves enter your ear?
they vibrate your eardrum
28
What happens when your eardrum vibrates?
it vibrates the 3 small bones in your ear which then bump into your cochlea and cause pressure waves in the fluid of the cochlea
29
Name the 3 bones of your inner ear
malleus, incus, stapes
30
What happens when the fluid in the cochlea moves?
it moves tiny little cells in the cochlea which then generate an action potential that gets sent to the brain
31
What happens in your ear when you change position?
the fluid in the semi-circular canals moves, which in turn moves tiny hairs, which in turn send an action potential to your brain regarding your position
32
What are the basic structures of the eye from superficial to deep?
cornea, aqueous humor, iris, pupil, lens, vitreous humor, retina, optic nerve