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Anatomy > Skeletal System > Flashcards

Skeletal System Flashcards

1
Q

Hemopoiesis is

A

the process of making red blood cells in the red bone marrow

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2
Q

Joint

A

area where two bones meet, most provide movement

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3
Q

Ligament

A

connects bone to bone

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4
Q

Tendon

A

connects bone to muscle

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5
Q

compact bone

A

solid, dense bone, comprising almost 80% of skeleton

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6
Q

spongy bone

A

porous bone tissue, can be found in ends of long bones, where red bone marrow is found

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7
Q

osteocyte

A

mature bone cells, originate from osteogenic and osteoblasts

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8
Q

osteogenic cells

A

beginning cells, found on inner lining of periosteum and endosteum, turn into osteblasts

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9
Q

osteoblast cells

A

bone building cells; secrete collagen matrix, responsible for calcification (hardening) of bone, can turn into a osteocytes

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10
Q

What is a long bone?

A

a bone that is longer than it is wide

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11
Q

What is a short bone?

A

a bone that is cube shaped

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12
Q

An example of a irregular shaped bone in the body is

A

the vertebrae

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13
Q

What is a sesamoid bone?

A

it is a small bone that is embedded in a tendon

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14
Q

What are lacunae?

A

small spaces (lakes) that contain bone cells

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15
Q

What is a suture?

A

an immovable joint

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16
Q

Which bones form most of the top and sides of the cranium?

A

parietal bones (there are two)

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17
Q

Which bone forms most of the nasal septum?

A

vomer

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18
Q

Which two bones form the hard palate of your mouth?

A

maxillae and palantine

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19
Q

Which bone is the keystone of the cranium?

A

sphenoid

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20
Q

Which bone is the keystone of the face?

A

maxillae

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21
Q

What is a keystone bone?

A

one in which all other bones articulate (join) with

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22
Q

Where is the olecranon process located?

A

on the ulna (it’s your elbow)

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23
Q

Where is the olecranon fossa located?

A

on the posterior (back side) of your humerus

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24
Q

What is a process?

A

it is an extension of a bone

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25
Q

What is a fossa?

A

it is a depression on a bone

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26
Q

What is a foramen?

A

It is a hole in a bone

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27
Q

What is the largest foramen in your body called and where is it found?

A

The obturator foramen and it is on your two coxal (hip) bones

28
Q

What is the name of the three bones that join to form the coxal (hip) bone?

A

illium, ischium, pubis

29
Q

What are the three parts of the sternum?

A

the manubrium, body and the xiphoid process

30
Q

Which forearm bone is more lateral when you are in anatomical position?

A

the radius

31
Q

What two bones make up your pectoral girdle?

A

scapula and clavicle

32
Q

Which bones form your cheekbones?

A

zygomatic

33
Q

Which bone would you find the mastoid process and the styloid process?

A

temporal bone

34
Q

Which ribs are attached directly to your sternum with costal cartilage?

A

Ribs 1-7

35
Q

Which ribs are attached indirectly to your sternum with costal cartilage?

A

Ribs 8-10

36
Q

Which ribs are not attached at all to your sternum and are thus floating?

A

Ribs 11-12

37
Q

Which secondary curves form after birth when the baby learns to hold its head up and sit up?

A

cervical and lumbar

38
Q

Which bone is the strongest and heaviest bone in your body?

A

femur

39
Q

Which bones form the knee joint?

A

femur, patella and tibia

40
Q

Which bone forms the heel?

A

calcaneus

41
Q

Which bones form the knuckles?

A

metacarpals

42
Q

How many bones do we have in our body?

A

206

43
Q

What would the finger bone that is furthest from the point of attachment be called?

A

distal phalange

44
Q

Which fingers/toes only have two phalanges?

A

thumb and big toe

45
Q

The manubrium of the sternum joins with which pectoral girdle bone?

A

clavicle

46
Q

What is an osteoclast?

A

they break down bone by secreting enzymes

47
Q

where is yellow marrow found?

A

in the medullary cavity

48
Q

Where is red bone marrow found?

A

in the epiphysis in spongy bone

49
Q

Where does bone growth occur in a long bone?

A

at the epiphyseal plate

50
Q

What is lordosis?

A

an overpronounced lumbar curvature

51
Q

What is kyphosis?

A

an overpronounced thoracic curvature resulting in a hunchback

52
Q

What is scoliosis?

A

a lateral curve of the spine in a “s” like manner

53
Q

What separates vetebrae?

A

intervertebral discs, which are made out of cartilage

54
Q

The hip socket is known as the

A

acetabulum

55
Q

The shoulder socket is known as the

A

glenoid cavity

56
Q

bone remodeling is an ongoing process in which these two cells work in unison

A

osteoclasts (break down bone) and osteoblast (build bone)

57
Q

The lining of a long bone is called the

A

periosteum

58
Q

The lining of the medullary cavity is called the

A

endosteum

59
Q

The shaft of the long bone is called the

A

diaphysis

60
Q

The ends of the long bone are called the

A

epiphysis

61
Q

soft spots on a baby’s skull are called

A

fontanels

62
Q

What region and # bone is the atlas?

A

C-1

63
Q

What region and # bone is the axis?

A

C-2

64
Q

What does the axis allow you to do?

A

shake your head from side to side “no”

65
Q

What does the atlas allow you to do?

A

shake your head up and down “yes

Anatomy (8 decks)

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