Muscles of the Body Flashcards
Muscles are named according to several factors including….
direction of fibers, size of muscle, location of muscle, number of origins, location of origin and insertion, shape of muscle, action
Rectus refers to
muscle fibers parallel to the midline
Transversus refers to
muscles perpendicular to the midline
Oblique refers to
muscles fibers that are diagonal
The terms (4) referring to the largest muscle of the group is
maximus, magnus, major, vastus
The terms (2) referring to the smallest muscle in the group
minimus or minor
The term referring to the longest muscle in the group
longus
Brevis refers to
the shortest muscle in the group
Latissimus refers to
the widest muscle in the group
Frontalis muscle is located
above your frontal bone (forehead)
Temporalis muscle is located
above your temporal bone
Lateralis refers to a muscle located
laterally (away from the midline)
Medialis refers to a nemuscle located
towards the midline of the body
Intermedius refers to a muscle located
in between or in the middle
Tibialis refers to a muscle located
above your tibia bone
Fibularis refers to a muscle located
above your fibula bone
Supra means
above
infra or sub means
below
A muscle origin refers to
the point of attachment to the more stationary bone
A muscle insertion refers to
the point of attachment to the moving bone
Which muscle has an origin with the sternum and clavicle and an insertion with the mastoid
sternocleidomastoid
What shape is the deltoid muscle?
triangle
What shape is the trapezius muscle?
trapezoid
What shape is the serratus muscle?
saw-toothed
What shape is an orbicularis muscle?
circular
What shape is a platys muscle?
flat
What shape is a quadratus muscle?
square
Gracilis means
a slender muscle
What action does a flexor muscle do?
decreases the joint angle
What action does an extensor muscle do?
increases the joint angle
What action does an adductor muscle do?
moves a bone towards the midline of the body (adds)
What action does an abductor muscle do?
moves a bone away from the midline of the body
Supinator means
turning the palms up or the outer edge of your sole bearing the weight
Pronator means
turning your palm down or the inner edge of your sole bearing the weight
A rotator muscle does what action?
moves a bone around an axis
What action does a levator muscle make?
it raises something or produces a superior movement
What action does a depressor muscle cause?
it produces an inferior movement
Where is your frontalis muscle?
on top of your frontal bone, “your forehead”
What action does your frontalis muscle make?
raising eyebrows and wrinkling your forehead
Where is your orbicularis oculi
it is a round muscle around your eye
What action does your orbicularis oculi make?
closing eye, squinting, winking, blinking
Where is your orbicularis oris?
surrounds your mouth
What action does your orbicularis oris produce?
closing your mouth and protruding your lips, called the “kissing muscle”
Where is your buccinator?
It runs horizontal across your cheek
What action does your buccinator produce?
flattening your cheeks as in whistling or blowing into an instrument…..it also helps you chew
Where is your zygomaticus?
it runs diagonal from the corner of your mouth to your cheek bone
What action does your zygomaticus produce?
smiling
What muscle is the main chewing muscle
the masseter
Which 3 muscles are involved in chewing?
buccinator, masseter, temporalis
Where is your platysma?
A flat muscle that covers the front and side of the neck. It runs from the center (chin area) laterally to your clavicle area.
What action does your platysma produce?
frowning
Where is your sternocleidomastoid?
it inserts at your mastoid process behind your ear and has two origins, one at your sternum and the other your clavicle
What action does your sternocleidomastoid produce?
flexing your neck (bowing), AKA the praying muscle
Which muscle is a large muscle on your chest?
pectoralis major
Which muscle is the longest in the body?
Sartorius
Which muscle flexes your leg at the knee?
hamstrings (bicept femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus)
Which muscle extends your leg at the knee?
Quadricepts (rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, vastus medialis)
Which muscle is your calf muscle or the “Toe Dancers” muscle?
gastrocnemius
Which muscle is a “slender” muscle located most medial? in your thigh?
gracilis
Which muscle is used for punching and pushing?
serratus anterior
Which muscle is used for swimming?
latissmus dorsi
What is the order of your abdominal muscles from most superficial to deepest?
external oblique, internal oblique, rectus abdominus, transverse abdominus
Which of your hamstring muscles is most medial?
semimembranosus
Which muscle is used most for jumping or climbing stairs?
gluteus maximus
Which is the most superficial butt muscle?
gluteus maximus
Which muscle is used to flex your forearm?
bicepts brachii
Which muscle is used to extend your forearm?
tricepts brachii
