The Roman Empire Flashcards
(159 cards)
0
Q
When was Rome created?
A
753 BC
1
Q
Who created Rome?
A
Romulus and Reemus
2
Q
What landmark was Rome near?
A
Tiber River
3
Q
What was used as protection?
A
7 hills
4
Q
What 2 groups made up Rome?
A
Greek and Etruscans
5
Q
What part did the Greeks take up?
A
Naples and Sicily
6
Q
How did Rome rule at first?
A
Monarchy
7
Q
How many kings were there?
A
5
8
Q
How many were Etruscan?
A
4
9
Q
Who was the 1st Etruscan King?
A
Romulus (753- 715 BC)
10
Q
Who was the 2nd Etruscan King?
A
Noma Pompilius (715-673 BC)
11
Q
Who was the 3rd Etruscan King?
A
Tullus Hostilius (673-641 BC)
12
Q
Who was the 4th Etruscan King?
A
Ancus Marcus (641-616 BC)
13
Q
Who was the 5th King?
A
Tarquin
14
Q
What ended his reign?
A
He was overthrown by a revolt
15
Q
Who led the revolt to overthrow Tarquin?
A
Lucius Junius Brutus
16
Q
How many consuls were there?
A
2
17
Q
What could the consuls do?
A
Call for dictators and had absolute command of army
18
Q
What was Roman Upper-class citizen?
A
Patrician
19
Q
What was a Roman Lower-class person?
A
Plebeians
20
Q
Who was the “good dictator”?
A
Cincinnatus
21
Q
When was Cincinnatus dictator?
A
458 BC
22
Q
What was Cincinnatus before he was dictator?
A
Farmer
23
Q
Who did Cincinnatus defeat as dictator?
A
Aequi
24
What did he do after defeating Aequi?
Went back to the farm
25
How long was it before Cincinnatus was called for dictator again?
20 years
26
How many people were in the Roman Senate?
300
27
What were the 12 Tables?
Laws
28
In 451 BC plebeians were given ____.
a voice
29
In 451, Patricians separated plebeians into what?
10 tribes
30
How many people represented each of the 10 tribes? What were they called?
1, tribune
31
What was a legion?
group of military soldiers
32
How many people were in a legion?
5,000
33
What kind of people made up legions?
Citizens
34
What class were officers and cavalry?
Upper class
35
What was a census used for?
Tax and military purposes
36
Who made the censuses?
Censors
37
What was a group of military soldiers made of 100 men?
Century
38
What was a member of a century called?
Centurion
39
What were the wars occurring in 264-146 BC?
Punic Wars
40
How many Punic wars were there?
3
41
Who fought the Punic Wars?
Rome vs. Carthage
43
Who was the leader of Carthage in the 1st Punic War?
Hamilcar Barca
44
What did Hamilcar Barca use in battle?
Cavalry and elephants
45
Where were the major fighting areas in the 1st Punic War?
Sicily and Africa
46
Who captured Sicily?
Rome
47
In the 2nd Punic War (218-210 BC), who led Carthage?
Hannibal
48
What did Hannibal try to do?
Invade Spain
49
Where in Spain did Hannibal try and invade?
Saguntum
50
What was Hannibal's plan in the 2nd Punic War?
Cross Alps with elephants, 20,000 infantry and 6,000 cavalry
51
What was the major battle of the 2nd Punic War?
Cannae
52
who led the Romans in the battle of Cannae?
Consul Varro
53
What did consul Varro do?
Attack Carthage, fell in Hannibal's trap
54
Who won the battle of Cannae?
Carthage
55
What was the next major battle of the 2nd Punic War?
Zama (202 BC)
56
Who lead the Romans in the battle of Zama?
Scipio Africanus
57
What did Scipio do?
Defeat Hannibal
58
How was hannibal defeated?
He surrendered
59
In the 3rd Punic War (149-146 BC), what happened at the battle of Carthage?
Rome annihilated Carthage
60
Who won the Punic Wars?
Rome
61
In Roman Life, who dominated?
Men
62
What kind of religion did Romans have?
Polytheistic
63
Who was the king of Roman Gods?
Jupiter
64
Who was Jupiter's Wife?
Juna
65
Who was the God of the sea?
Neptune
66
Who was the God of War?
Mars
67
Who were the first group of reformers?
Gracchus brothers
68
Who were the Gracchus brothers?
Tiberius and Gaius
69
Who fought the social wars?
Marius and Sulla
70
What was Sulla?
Dictator
71
Who lead the Slave Revolt?
Spartacus
72
When and where was Julius Caesar born?
Rome, July 100 BC
73
What type/class person was Caesar?
Patrician
74
How old was Caesar when his dad died?
15
75
Why did Caesar leave Rome?
his life was in danger from Sulla
76
What did Caesar study?
Philosophy
77
Where did Caesar study philosophy?
Rhodes
78
What did Caesar have?
An army
79
What did the pirates do to Caesar?
Captured him and held him for ransom
80
In 69 BC Caesar was elected _____?
Questor
81
In 62 BC Caesar was elected ____?
Praetor
82
In 61 BC Caesar was elected ____?
Governor of Spain
83
When was the First Triumvirate created?
60 BC
84
Who made up the First Triumvirate?
Caesar, Crassus, Pompey
85
Who emerged from the triumvirate?
Caesar
86
Where were the Gallic Wars?
Gaul (France)
87
Who Fights in the Gallic Wars?
Caesar and Crassus
88
When does Crassus die?
53 BC
89
Who had conflict after Gallic Wars?
Caesar and Pompey
90
In 49 BC Who crossed the Rubicon River?
Caesar
91
What happened when Caesar defied the Senate?
He went to civil war with Pompey
92
Who won?
Caesar defeated Pompey and forces
93
What did Caesar name himself?
Dictator for life
94
Where was Caesar's victory?
Zela
95
"Veni, Vidi, Vici"
"I came, I saw, I conquered"
96
Who was Cleopatra's son?
Caesarion
97
Who was he possibly related to?
Caesar
98
What did Caesar end up doing?
Returning to Rome
99
How many people did the Senate get up to?
900
100
When was Caesar Assassinated?
44 BC
101
Who were Caesar's 2 enemies?
Brutus and Cassius
102
What did Caesar say before he died?
"Et tu Brute?"
103
How was Caesar killed?
He was stabbed in the back
104
When did he die?
The ides of March (15)
105
Where did Caesar die?
Rome
106
When was the Second Triumvirate?
November 43 BC
107
What made the Second Triumvirate legal?
Lex Titia
108
Who was in the Second Triumvirate?
Mark Antony, Octavian, Lepidus
109
Who was Octavian?
Caesar's adopted nephew?
110
Who emerged from the Second Triumvirate?
Octavian
111
What were lacking in the Second Triumvirate?
Funds
112
What were on Proscriptions?
Names of wanted people> Consequences were death, banishment, or taking of land
113
Who was Cicero?
Scholar, writer, orator
114
Why did Cicero try to flee?
He had a proscription
115
What happened when he was captured?
He was executed
116
Who was the target of the Battle of Philippi?
Brutus and Cassius
117
Who was Antony allies with?
Octavian
118
Who's forces were defeated first?
Cassius
119
What did Cassius do after defeat?
Committed Suicide
120
How many legions did Brutus have?
4
121
How was Brutus captured?
He was captured
122
When Captured what did Brutus do?
Commit suicide
123
What happened with Antony and Octavian?
They split
124
What happened when Antony and Octavian split?
Forced a civil war
125
What was offered in 40n BC?
Treat of Brunoissium
126
Who offered Treaty?
Antony
127
Who did Antony Marry?
Octavia
128
Where was the Battle of Actium?
Greek Coast
129
When was the Battle of Actium?
September 2, 31 BC
130
What was a Harpax?
Harpoon kept on ships
131
Why did Antony urge Cleopatra to flee to Egypt?
For safety
132
What happened when Octavian defeated the combined forces?
He won the Battle of Actium
133
In 30 BC, Antony was lead to believe what?
Cleopatra had killed herself
134
What did Antony do after thinking Cleopatra was dead?
He killed himself
135
Cleopatra was lead to believe what too?
That antony had killed himself
136
What did Cleopatra do after Antony's death?
She killed herself
137
Octavian took the title of what?
Augustus
138
When did he take the title of Augustus?
27BC
139
What was now his?
The army and power
140
What could Augustus do with his power?
Veto what he didn't like
141
When did Octavian/Augustus die?
14 AD
142
Who did he select to rule?
Tiberius, Son of his wife Livia, and her first husband
143
What was Pax Romana?
Period of peace in Rome
144
How long was the Pax Romana?
27 BC-180 BC
145
What were the Julian Kings?
Bad kings
146
Who was the first Julian King?
Tiberius (14 AD- 37 AD)
147
Who was the second Julian King?
Caligula (37 AD- 41 AD)
148
Who was the third Julian King?
Claudius (41 AD- 54 AD)
149
Who was the fourth Julian King?
Nero (54 AD- 68 AD)
150
Who controlled emperors from 68 AD- 96 AD?
Army
151
Who was the first good emperor?
Nerva (96 AD- 98 AD)
152
Who was the second good emperor?
Trajan (98-117 AD)
153
Who was the third good emperor?
Hadrian (117- 138 AD)
154
Who was the fifth good emperor?
Antonis Pius (138- 161 AD)
155
Who was the sixth and last good emperor?
Marcus Aurelius
156
What was Marcus Aurelius?
Philosopher king who ruled with adopted brother
157
Who was Marcus' Son?
Commodus
158
What were Marcus' writings called?
Meditations
159
How many balls does Dave have
3
