The Respiratory System Flashcards
Bronchi
Means two
Bronchus
Means one
Pleura
one layer attached to the lung
one layer attached to the chest wall
Pleural Fluid
secreted to fill the space between the two layers
Process of respiration
the exchange of O2 and CO2 in the lungs
one respiration consists of one inhalation and one exhalation
Inhalation (inspiration)
taking in air
diaphragm contracts and pulls downward
creates a vacuum that pulls in air
Exhalation (expiration)
air is forced out of the lungs
the diaphragm relaxes and moves upwards
Internal respiration
the exchange of gases within the cells
pharynx
tube shaped passage
for both food and air
Epiglottis
lifts up to allow air only into the larynx
stops objects from getting down the lungs
larynx
the voice box
trachea
divided into left and right
bronchi
leading to the left and right lungs
Bronchioles
are smaller branches of the bronchi
pass throughout the lung lobes
Alveoli
tiny one-celled air sacs at the end of the bronchioles
Alveoli
tiny one-celled air sacs at the end of the bronchioles
supplied with blood by capillaries
O2 an CO2 are exchanged between alveoli and
capillaries
Asthma
characterized by narrowed air passages that cause sudden episodes of breathing difficulties
Pneumonia
infection of the tissues of the lungs
alveoli fill with pus
mucus and other liquid making CO2 / O2 exchange
inefficient
result is lack of O2 in the blood
Influenza
respiratory tract infection caused by a virus
highly contagious
onset is sudden
Bronchitis
inflammation of the bronchi
Tuberculosis
bacterial infection that affects the lungs
can occur in the brain, kidneys, bones, lymph nodes and urinary and digestive systems
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
chronic lung disorder
obstructs the airways
makes breathing difficult
Chronic Bronchitis
chronic inflammation of the bronchi
Emphysema
occurs when the walls of the alveoli are damaged and become less elastic than normal
