The Circulatory System Flashcards
The Cardiovascular System
Heart
Blood
Blood Vessels
Pericardium:
outer layer
thin sac surrounding the heart
Myocardium:
Heart muscle
second layer
thick muscular portion
Endocardium:
Endo means inner
inner layer
membrane lining the inner surface
Four Chambers of the Heart
Right atrium: receives CO2 laden blood from the body tissues
Right ventricle: sends blood to the lungs for gas exchange
Left atrium: receives O2 rich blood from the lungs
Left ventricle: sends O2 rich blood out to the tissues and cells
Tricuspid valve
between the right atrium and right ventricle
3 flaps
Mitral valve
bicuspid valve) between the left atrium and left ventricle
2 flaps
Diastole
resting phase of the heart action (heart beat)
heart chambers fill with blood
Systole
working phase
heart contracts pushing blood through the vessels
Four Components of Blood:
1) Red blood cells (RBC): Erythrocytes
transport O2 and CO2 via hemoglobin in RBC
produced by bone marrow
2) White blood cells (WBC): Leukocytes
protect the body against infection and foreign substances
3) Platelets: Thrombocytes smallest formed elements of blood needed for clotting 4) Plasma: 55% of the blood liquid portion composed mainly of H2O (91%) transports substances needed by the cells for proper functioning (proteins / fats / carbohydrates)
Arteries
carry blood away from the heart
Arterioles
connect arteries with capillaries
Capillaries
tiny vessels that connect with the cells
Veins
return blood to the heart
Venules
connect veins to capillaries for return blood
