The Respiratory System 3-2 Flashcards
What is the primary roll of the respiratory system?
To ensure proper cellular function.
What is the respiratory system?
A system of organs that collects oxygen from the external environment and transports it to the blood stream.
Where is the respiratory pump located?
The thorax, or thoracic cavity
What is another term for breathing?
Ventilation
Breathing/ventilation is divided into two phases, what are they?
Inspiration, or inhalation
Expiration, or exhalation
The process of actively contracting inspiratory muscles in order to move air into the body.
Inspiration
The process of actively or passively relaxing inspiratory muscles in order to move air out of the body
Expiration
Bones of the respiratory pump
Ribs and vertebrae
Inspiration muscles
Diaphragm External intercostal Scalenes Sternocleidomastiod Pectoralis minor
Expiration muscles
Internal intercostal
Abdominal
Inspiratory ventilation occurs in what two forms
Normal resting state and heavy deep forced breathing
When is expiratory breathing passive?
During normal breathing
What is the result of relaxation of contracting inspiratory muscles
Passive ventilation
During heavy breathing the expiratory ventilation relies on the activity of expiratory muscles to do what?
Compress the thoracic cavity and force air out
What is the purpose of ventilation?
To move air in and out of the body
Ventilation moves air in and out of the body. How dose this air get to the lungs
Via the respiratory passageway
The respiratory passageway is divided into two categories, what are they?
Conduction passageway
Respiratory passageway
The conduction passageway consist of all the structures air passes through before entering the respiratory passageway, to warm or cool air to match body temperature) what are the structures (6)
Nasal cavity Oral cavity Pharynx Larynx Right and left pulmonary bronchi
Where is incoming air purified, warmed, cooled, humidified,
In the structures of the conduction passageway
The respiratory passageway collects air coming from where?
Conduction passageway
Where are the alveoli located?
At the end of the bronchioles
Alveoli are made up of clusters of what?
Alveolar sacs
What occurs in alveolar sacs
Diffusion (where oxygen and carbon dioxide are transported in and out of the blood stream.)
What is diffusion
A process that transports gasses O2 and CO2 in and out of the bloodstream
What are the structures of the respiratory passageway
Alveoli
Alveolar sacs
What type of ventilation can be both active and passive?
Expiratory
