The Muscular System 2-3 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
0
Q

Tissue consisting of long cells that contract when stimulated, to produce motion.

A

Muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

Series of muscles that move the skeleton

A

The muscular system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Connective tissue of the muscle that help form the tendon

A

Fascia and epimysium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Each layer of connective tissue extends the length of muscle helping to form what?

A

The tendon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Structures that attach muscles to bones

A

Tendons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The functional unit of muscle that produces muscular contraction and consist of repeating sections of actin and myosin

A

Sarcomere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Name the methods that muscle generates force (3)

A

Neural activation
Sliding filament theory
Excitation-contraction-coupling mechanism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are motor neurons connected to

A

Muscle fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Define motor unit

A

The motor neuron and the muscle fiber it connects (innervates)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Define neuromuscular junction

A

The point where the neuron meets an individual muscle fiber

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The small gap between the nerve and the muscle fiber

A

Synapse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The contraction of a muscle generated by a communication between the nervous system and the muscular system

A

Neural activation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Chemical messengers that cross synapses to transmit electrical impulses from the nerve to the muscle

A

Neurotransmitter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The proposed process of how the contraction of the filaments within the Sarcomere takes place

A

Sliding filament theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The process of neural stimulation creating a muscle contraction

A

Excitation-contraction coupling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Characteristics do Type 1 slow twitch muscle fibers (7)

A
  1. Higher in capillaries mitochondria and myoglobin
  2. Increased oxygen delivery
  3. Smaller in size
  4. Produces less force
  5. Slow to fatigue
  6. Long-term contractions (stabilization)
  7. Slow twitch, red fibers
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Characteristics of type ll fast twitch muscle fibers (7)

A
  1. Lower in capillaries, mitochondria and myoglobin
  2. Decreased oxygen delivery
  3. Larger in size
  4. Produce more force
  5. Quick to fatigue
  6. Short-term contraction (force and power)
  7. Fast twitch, white fibers
17
Q

Muscle fiber type responsible for producing long-term contractions necessary for stabilization and postural control

A

Type l slow twitch

18
Q

Muscle fiber type responsible for producing movements requiring force and power such as a sprint

A

Type ll fast twitch

19
Q

The manner in which muscle fibers are situated in relation to the tendon

A

Muscle fiber arrangement

20
Q

Pennation

A

Muscle fibers that run at an angle to the tendon instead of in the same direction

21
Q

This type of muscle has a full belly, tapers off at either end. The fiber arrangement parallels the direction of the muscle and tendon (line of pull) and enables the force production by the fibers to pull in the same direction as the line of pull. Example, bicep brachii

A

Fusiform

22
Q

(Muscle type) Fusiform, describe the muscle fiber arrangement

A

Parallel to direction of tendon

23
Q

(Muscle type) Fan-shaped, describe the muscle fiber arrangement

A

From broad attachment to narrow, pectoralis major

24
Q

Also know as convergent or radiate, muscle fibers span out from a borrow attachment at one end to a broad attachment at the other end, creating various angles of pull, example pectoralis majore

A

Fan-shaped

25
Q

Long strap like muscles, their fibers run parallel to the line of pull. Example

A

Longitudinal

Starorius

26
Q

A four-sided muscle that is usually flat. The muscle fiber arrangement is parallel to the line of pull, example

A

Quadrilateral

Rhomboid

27
Q

This type of muscle has a short, oblique muscle fibers that extend from one side of a long tendon, the fibers run obliquely to the line of pull of the muscle tendon. Example

A

Unipenniform

Posterior tibialis

28
Q

Short oblique muscle fibers that extend from both sides of a long tendon, the pull of the muscle fibers runs oblique to the line of the pull of the tendon, example

A

Bipenniform

Rectusfemoris

29
Q

Muscles with multiple tendons with oblique running muscle fibers, pull of the muscle fibers runs obliquely to the line of pull of the tendon muscle, example

A

Multipenniform

Deltoid

30
Q

The significance of pen nation lies in its ability to do what?

A

Increase the force output of a muscle

31
Q

The force that a muscle can exert is proportional to the …

A

Cross-sectional area

32
Q

Muscle function of agonist

A

Prime mover

33
Q

Muscle function of the synergistic

A

Assist prime mover

34
Q

Muscle function of a stabilizer

A

Supports while prime mover and synergistic work

35
Q

Antagonist

A

Oppose prime mover

36
Q
Name the agonist for these exercises:
Chest press
Overhead press
Row
Squat
A

Chest press. Pectoralis Manu
Overheard press. Deltoid
Row. Latissimus dorsi
Squat. Gluteus Maximus, quadriceps

37
Q
Name the synergistic for these exercises:
Chest press
Overhead press
Row
Squat
A

Chest press. Anterior deltoid, triceps
Overhead press. Tricep
Row. Posterior deltoid, bicep
Squat. Hamstrings

38
Q
Name the stabilizer for these exercises:
Chest press
Overhead press
Row
Squat
A

Chest press. Rotator cuff
Overheard press. Rotator cuff
Row. Rotator cuff
Squat. Transverse abdominis

39
Q
Name the antagonist for these exercises:
Chest press
Overhead press
Row
Squat
A

Chest press. Posterior deltoid
Overhead press. Lattes simul dorsi
Row. Pectoralis major
Squat. Psoas