The Respiratory System Flashcards

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1
Q

Where are the lungs located?

A

The right and left lungs are located in the thorax

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2
Q

What is the function of the lungs?

A

The function of the lungs is to take in oxygen from the air and remove carbon dioxide from the body to the air.

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3
Q

Where dose oxygen enter the body during inhalation?

A

Alveoli (air sacs).

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4
Q

How does air pass through the respiratory tract?

A

Air enters the body through the following structures during inhalation

  • Nose and mouth
  • Pharynx (throat)
  • Larynx (voice box)
  • Trachea (wind pipe)
  • Primary bronchi (right and left)
  • Bronchioles
  • Alveoli (air sacs)
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5
Q

What are the main muscles involved in breathing?

A
  • Diaphragm
  • Intercostal muscles.
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6
Q

What is inspiration?

A

Inhalation, drawing air into the lungs.

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7
Q

What is expiration?

A

Exhalation, expelling air out of the lungs.

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8
Q

What are the alveoli?

A

Alveoli are tiny sacs within our lungs that allow oxygen and carbon dioxide to move between the lungs and bloodstream.

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9
Q

What is gaseous exchange?

A

Is the process that allows oxygen and carbon dioxide to move between the lungs and bloodstream.

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10
Q

Where dose gaseous exchange take place?

A

It occurs in the lungs between the alveoli and a network of tiny blood vessels called capillaries, which are located in the walls of the alveoli.

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11
Q

Explain the process of gaseous exchange?

A

Gaseous exchange occurs through a process called diffusion. When a person inhales, oxygen moves from the alveoli to the surrounding capillaries where it diffuses into the bloodstream. At the same time, carbon dioxide moves from the bloodstream to the capillaries and diffuses into the alveoli.

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12
Q

What is diffusion?

A

Diffusion is the movement of a gas from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

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13
Q

How dose exercise affect the respiratory system short-term?

A

During exercise tidal volume increases; more air is inhaled and exhaled and breathing rate increases.

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14
Q

How dose exercise affect the respiratory system long-term?

A

Capillary beds surrounding the alveoli increases allowing greater potential for gaseous exchange. The respiratory muscles also become stronger, assisting inspiration and expiration during exercise.

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15
Q

What is costal breathing?

A

Costal breathing is a shallow pattern of breathing through the chest and involves the contraction of the external intercostal muscle.

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16
Q

What is lateral thoracic breathing?

A

Lateral thoracic breathing encourages the side and back of the ribcage to expand during inhalation to maximise the expansion and use the lower lungs.

17
Q

What is diaphragmatic breathing?

A

Diaphragmatic breathing is a deeper method of breathing with the abdomen encouraged to rise and fall by the contraction and lowering of the diaphragm.

18
Q

Which exercise discipline uses lateral thoracic breathing?

A

Pilates