The Muscular System Flashcards
Describe Isotonic?
The muscles actions involving movement.
Concentric or Eccentric?
Upwards phase of a press-up
Concentric
Concentric or Eccentric?
Static plank
Neither it’s isometric
Summarise the sliding filament theory?
Myosin and actin filaments slide over each other, creating a shortening of the sarcomeres and the whole muscle.
Which of these statements is correct
- Ligaments connect bones to bones and tendons connect muscles to bones
- Tendons connect muscles to muscles and ligaments connect bones to bones
- Ligaments connect muscles to bones and tendons connect bones to bones
- Ligaments connect bones to bones and tendons connect muscles to bones
Which muscle rotates the thoracic region of the spine?
External and internal obliques
Name a muscles of the leg?
- Quadriceps
- Hip adductors
- Iliopsoas - hip flexors
- Tibialis anterior
- Gluteus maximus
- Hamstrings
- Gastrocnemius
- Soleus
Give an example of cardiac muscle tissue?
Heart
Name the agonist to the hip abductors?
Hip adductors
Name the antagonist to the biceps?
Triceps
Which muscle fibre type is quicker to tire?
Fast twitch (type II)
Which muscle plantar flexes the ankle?
Gastrocnemius
Where would you locate the adductor muscles?
Inner thigh
What four roles could a muscle undertake during any movement?
- Agonist / prime mover - the working muscle
- Antagonist - the relaxing muscle
- Synergist - muscles that assist or modify the prime mover
- Fixators - muscles that contract to stabilise the parts of the body that are fixed
What are the names of the two contractile proteins that make up sarcomere?
Actin & Myosin
Name the antagonist to the deltoids?
Latissimus dorsi
. When actin and myosin move over each other:
- The Sarcomere shortens
- The Sarcomere lengthens
- The Sarcomere stays the same length
- The Sarcomere shortens
What are the three types of muscle tissue?
- Smooth
- Cardiac
- Skeletal
Slow twitch or fast twitch?
Good for endurance activities
Slow twitch
Name the agonist to the erector spinae?
Rectus abdominis
Give an example of smooth muscle tissue?
- Walls of blood vessels
- Walls of stomach
- Ureters
- Intestines
- Prostate
- Gastrointestinal Tract
- Respiratory Tract
- Small arteries
- Arterioles
- Reproductive tracts (both genders)
- Veins
- Bladder
- Uterus
- Sphincter
Actin and myosin are:
- Contractile ligaments
- Contractile fats
- Contractile proteins
- Contractile proteins
Name the anterior skeletal muscles?
- Upper trapezius
- Deltoids
- Pectoralis major
- Biceps brachii
- External and internal oblique’s
- Rectus abdominis
- Iliopsoas – Hip flexors
- Quadriceps
- Hip adductors
- Tibialis anterior
Give an example of skeletal muscle tissue?
- Upper trapezius
- Middle trapezius
- Lower trapezius
- Deltoids
- Pectoralis major
- Biceps brachii
- Triceps brachii
- Latissimus dorsi
- Erector spinae
- External and internal obliques
- Rectus abdominis
- Gluteus maximus
- Iliopsoas – Hip flexors
- Quadriceps
- Hip adductors
- Hamstrings
- Gastrocnemius
- Tibialis anterior
- Soleus
What are the origin and insertion of the muscle?
The origin is the fixed attachment and doesn’t move during body movement, while the insertion is a attachment that moves with contraction.
What is the name of the muscle at the front of the lower leg?
Tibialis anterior
A small muscle fibre is called a:
- Sarcomere
- Myofibril
- Fascicle
- Myofibril
What are the four key characteristics of muscle tissue?
- Contractility (contract)
- Extensibility (stretch & lengthen)
- Elasticity (return to original shape)
- Excitability (respond to stimuli from the nervous system)
Concentric or Eccentric?
Downwards phase of an abdominal curl
Eccentric