The Energy System Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the energy currency for the body?

A

ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is the energy currency for the body.

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2
Q

What dose aerobic mean?

A

Aerobic means ‘with oxygen’.

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3
Q

What dose anaerobic mean?

A

Means ‘without oxygen’

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4
Q

What is creatine phosphate?

A

Creatine phosphate (also called phosphocreatine) when broken down releases a phosphate and energy, which is then used to rebuild ATP.

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5
Q

Which energy system can produce energy for a long duration?

A

Aerobic system.

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6
Q

Which energy system would be used maximally during a 100-metre sprint?

A

Creatine phosphate system.

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7
Q

Which energy system would be used predominantly during a 400-metre sprint?

A

Lactate system.

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8
Q

What are the by-products of the aerobic energy system?

A

Carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O).

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9
Q

What would be experienced when lactic acid levels rise in the muscle?

A

This is known as the onset of blood lactate accumulation (OBLA), which is associated with sensations, such as laboured breathing (breathlessness), ‘heavy’ limbs and pain (‘the burn’) usually causing a necessity to slow or stop.

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10
Q

How is carbon dioxide removed from the body?

A

Carbon dioxide is transported to the lungs via the circulatory system.

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11
Q

Which energy system uses glycogen and fats to produce ATP?

A

Aerobic.

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12
Q

Which energy system uses glycogen without oxygen to produce ATP?

A

Lactate.

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13
Q

What is H2O?

A

H2O is the chemical symbol for water.

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14
Q

What is the chemical symbol for oxygen?

A

O2

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15
Q

What is the chemical symbol for carbon dioxide?

A

CO2

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16
Q

Describe how carbohydrates, fats and proteins are used in the production of energy/adenosine triphosphate.

A

Aerobic metabolism fuels most of the energy needed for long duration activity. It uses oxygen to convert nutrients (carbohydrates, fats, and protein) to ATP.

17
Q

Wat are the three energy systems?

A
  • Aerobic.
  • Lactate.
  • Creatine phosphate.
18
Q

Explain the use of the aerobic energy system

A

Aerobic energy is produced within the mitochondria of the cell.

Required input: fatty acids, glucose and oxygen.

Resulting output: regenerated ATP, carbon dioxide and water.

19
Q

What are the parameters for the aerobic energy system?

A
  • Slower energy-producing system.
  • Large energy output.
  • Unlimited energy supply (providing the inputs are available).
  • By-products do not fatigue the body.
  • Sustains longer duration activities.
  • Operates up to approximately 60% exercise intensity.
  • Recovery is based on rest, food and drink intake.
20
Q

Explain the use of the lactate energy system

A

Anaerobic energy through the lactate system is produced within the cytoplasm of the cell, outside of the mitochondria.

Required input: glucose only.

Resulting output: regenerated ATP and lactic acid.

21
Q

What are the parameters for the lactate energy system?

A
  • Moderately fast energy-producing system.
  • Moderate energy output.
  • Limited energy supply (glucose availability).
  • By-product of lactic acid causes fatigue and reduces performance.
  • Sustains activity between approximately 1-3 minutes.
  • Operates between approximately 60-95% exercise intensity.
  • Recovery can take between 20 minutes-2 hours.
22
Q

Explain the use of the creatine phosphate energy system

A

Anaerobic energy through the creatine phosphate system is produced in the cytoplasm of the muscle cells, outside the mitochondria.

Required input: creatine phosphate only.

Resulting output: regenerated ATP and creatine.

23
Q

What are the parameters for the creatine phosphate energy system?

A
  • Very fast energy-producing system.
  • High to maximal energy output.
  • Very limited energy supply.
  • No fatiguing by-products.
  • Sustains activity between approximately 0-10 seconds.
  • Operates between approximately 95-100% exercise intensity.
  • Recovery can take between 30 seconds-5 minutes.