The Renaissance Flashcards
Medieval Europe
Dark ages
Politically decentralized Europe = less trade, illiterate population, more wars, focus on religion, loyal to local principalities, no research advancement, spread of ideas, little technological advances. Church is looking to support the people
Medieval Europe
Role of catholic Church
Center of everything. Pope is the highest authority, creates centralization. Legitimacy is because god speaks directly to him. Chooses kings of each area, and they get to rule because church has so much legitimacy. Three prong tiara and keys, like the keys to heaven
Medieval Europe
Wide Reach of the Church- Theology
The study of religion and god. Leads to scholasticism/universities. Pope controls what is taught. Reconcile the church with the past and reason. The world makes sense because of the Church, reason and religion cannot be separated (Thomas Aquinas).
Medieval Europe
Wide Reach of the Church- Every day peasants
daily life, central authority, regular mass, priests hold all the knowledge
Medieval Europe
Wide Reach of the Church- The Great Schism
Weakens legitimacy as there are multiple popes across Europe
Feudalism
Society and Politics
Protection from central authority is what you get for work. If you work on the land, you get protection, a home. Land is given to nobles, then to the knights/vassals, and then land is given the the peasants to do the work.
Feudalism
Manoralism
Economic system. If you live on a manor, it is a noble, then knights, who have a manor, and all the peasants that do the labor get homes and places to stay. They have to work hard, give most of their harvests to the knights.
The 100 Year War 1337-1453
England Vs France
England and France have intermittent fights over land which is an important trade center and the crown of France. Edward III and Philip VI of France fight over trading centers trying to connect to the silk roads and Italian city states.
The 100 Year War 1337-1453
impacts
Takes a toll economically keeping them from exploration, weakens trade, high death rates. Does enforce nationalism, for people like Joan of Arc who fought in this war.
Agriculture
Largely subsistence, agrarian farming. Growing what your family is going to eat. Primitive tools, human labor intensive. Horse Collar helps, turning horse power= cutting down work time, creates time for more leisure time.
Economics
Increased production of tools helps towns grow. Towns and cities start to increase trade. Europe begins to connect to the middle eastern trade routes.
Society
Population grows until the Plague. Early 1400’s, towns and cities hit the hardest because of trade. 25 million die, 1/3, of Europe. Jews are to blame because of their religious practices and their distance from society. Antisemitism rises. Social classes is clergy, kings, nobles, vassals, serfs/peasants.
