Italian Renaissance

Question 1

Corruption of the Church
Avignon Papacy

Answer 1

1309-1378, pope leaves Rome for France for protection. The next 7 popes stay in Avignon. Loses legitimacy because they’re not living in the center of the church.

Question 2

Eve of the Renaissance
Borgia Popes

Answer 2

Pope Alexander VI 1492-1503. Very corrupt but known for fathering several children with mistresses including his own daughter. Corruption, against the church’s teaching

Question 3

Eve of the Renaissance
Western Schism

Answer 3

3 Different popes all elected in differenet places by different groups of cardinals, divides the church.

Question 4

Renaissance Ideology
Rebirth

Answer 4

Greek and roman text revival, people are trying to understanding them and understanding the potential of humanity and laws of humanity. Has the idea that man is perfectible. Physical and philosophical form.

Question 5

Renaissance Ideology
Humanism

Answer 5

People are working towards the best of human virtue. Achieved through study of classics. Universities move away from scholasticism and towards reason. Increases secularism

Question 6

Renaissance Ideology
Petrarch

Answer 6

Father of humanism. We are moral beings and we need to study and apply logic and reason, should always seek to better ourself. People need to study, and be able to read, translate classic pieces into vernacular.

Question 7

Renaissance Ideology
Philology

Answer 7

Study of language in texts. Lorenzo Valla rights the Donation of Constantine. He can tell that these pieces are not written ancient time, but in recent times. The pope does not have the authority he says he does. Secularism increases. The church and reason are at odds.

Question 8

Renaissance Ideology
Individualism

Answer 8

Self-expression, self-determination, self-improvement.

Question 9

Renaissance Ideology
Secularism

Answer 9

Focused on here and now, and distancing from the church and spirituality. They don’t have to have the end all be all.

Question 10

Renaissance Ideology
Naturalism

Answer 10

Huamn form, other accurate natural elements.

Question 11

Italian City States
Merchant-Based City States

Answer 11

Wealthy merchant families hold the power. There is no central government. They have access to the silk roads and ports. Warring for goods, lands, and wealth.

Question 12

Italian City States
Italian Merchant Families

Answer 12

Some merchant families get super rich, like the Medici family in Florence. They tweak and benefit from banking advances. Takes huge amount of wealth to fund art. A way to show off. Paid the big 4. They hold political influence and power. Machiavelli, the Prince, do whatever you need to do to get power and keep it. The ends justify the means.