The Red Eye, Cataracts and Corneal Transplantation 2

Question 1

cornea

Answer 1

transparent layer covering the iris and pupil.

Question 2

Aqueous chamber:

Answer 2

sits directly behind the cornea and is filled with fluid for maintaining the pressure to the eye.

Question 3

iris

Answer 3

the colored part of the eye that contracts/expands with light intensity to adjust the pupil size

Question 4

pupil

Answer 4

opening in the eye center where light passes through

Question 5

lens

Answer 5

sits behind the anterior chamber and focuses light onto the retina through refraction; changes shape with relaxation/contraction of the zonular fibers projecting from the ciliary bodies

Question 6

conjunctiva

Answer 6

clear mucous membrane lining the sclera superficially and the insides of the eyelids; functions to lubricate the eye

Question 7

sclera

Answer 7

the outer white part of the eyeball made of dense, fibrous tissue

Question 8

retina

Answer 8

tissue lining the inner surface of the eye responsible for conducting light information to the cortex

Question 9

choroid

Answer 9

layer of the eye between the sclera and retina; made up of blood vessels and connective tissue

Question 10

vitreous cavity and gel

Answer 10

1. substance of the posterior eyeball

2. attached to the retina

Question 11

Corneal transplant surgery is for those who

Answer 11

need a new cornea

Question 12

indications for corneal transplant surgery

Answer 12

1. Pseudophakic or aphakic bullous keratopathy (corneal edema following cataract surgery)
2. *Endothelial dystrophy
3. *Keratoconus (defect in cornea leading to degeneration)
4. Trauma to the cornea
5. HSV/viral infection
6. Regraft
7. *Corneal dystrophy
8. Corneal degeneration
9. *Unvascularized corneas
10. Chemical injuries

Question 13

basic steps involved with cataract surgery

Answer 13

1. Small incision (2.2 mm) is made in the cornea or sclera
2. Cataract inside capsular bag (the tissue around the lens) is broken up and removed
3. Intraocular lens is folded and inserted into the capsular bag
4. Incision is closed

Question 14

indication for cataract surgery.

Answer 14

patient’s who have diminished quality of life resulting from vision loss associated with cataracts

(i.e. difficulty driving, ability to work, etc.)

Question 15

Cataracts:

Answer 15

1. common cause of vision loss in aging patients.
2. lens becomes cloudy and brown, which diminishes its ability to focus light onto retina
3. color vision becomes dull and overall, vision becomes cloudy

Question 16

Cataracts are treated:

Answer 16

by surgically replacing the lens