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Spanish A - Level Grammar > The present subjunctive > Flashcards

The present subjunctive Flashcards

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1
Q

When is it used?

A

When its trigger is used

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2
Q

How to form it

A

1) Conjugate into present regular YO form : tener > tengo
2) drop the final “o” to create the stem : tener > teng-
3) add the appropriate ending to the verb

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3
Q

What are the endings for AR verbs

A 
e
es
e
emos
éis
en
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4
Q

What are the endings for ER/IR verbs

A 
a
as
a
amos
áis
an
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5
Q

What does the subjunctive mean

A

uncertainty

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6
Q

What is CASE 1 of the triggers

A

wishing / advising / requesting … that somebody else does something

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7
Q

Case 1 trigger: I want that

A

Quiero que

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8
Q

Case 1 trigger: I hope that

A

espero que

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9
Q

Case 1 trigger : i wish that

A

deseo que

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10
Q

Case 1 trigger : I ask that

A

pido que

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11
Q

Case 1 trigger : I advise that

A

aconsejo que

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12
Q

Case 1 trigger : I say that

A

digo que

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13
Q

Case 1 trigger : let’s hope that

A

ojalá que

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14
Q

case 1 trigger : i need that

A

necesito que

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15
Q

case 1 trigger : i recommend you that

A

te recomiendo que

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16
Q

case 1 trigger : I suggest you that

A

te sugiero que

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17
Q

case 1 trigger : i advise you that

A

te aconsejo que

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18
Q

What is CASE 2 of the triggers

A 
after expressions of:
joy, 
hope,
anger,
other emotions,
lile,
dislike ....... that somebody else does something
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19
Q

Case 2 trigger : I like

A

me gusta que

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20
Q

Case 2 trigger : i hate

A

odio que

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21
Q

Case 2 trigger : i prefer

A

prefiero que

22
Q

Case 2 trigger : I;m fed up with

A

estoy harto de que

23
Q

Case 2 trigger : i’m happy that

A

estoy contento de que OR me alegro de que

24
Q

Case 2 trigger : (something) bothers me

A

me molesta que

25
Q

Case 2 trigger : (something) worries me

A

me preocupa que

26
Q

Case 2 trigger : (something) seems unfair to me

A

me parece injusto que

27
Q

Case 2 trigger : it’s unfair that

A

es injusto que

28
Q

Case 2 trigger : it’s unbelievable that

A

es increible que

29
Q

How many irregulars are there

A

6

30
Q

Irregular : ser - to be

A 
sea
seas
sea
seamos
seáis
sean
31
Q

Irregular : ir - to go

A 
vaya
vayas
vaya
vayamos
vayáis
vayan
32
Q

Irregular : estar - to be

A 
esté
estés
esté
estemos
estéis
estén
33
Q

Irregular : saber -to know

A 
sepa
sepas
sepa
sepamos
sepáis
sepan
34
Q

Irregular : haber -to have

A 
haya
hayas
haya
hayamos
hayáis
hayan
35
Q

Irregular : Dar - to give

A 
dé
des
dé
demos
déis
den
36
Q

Stem change : AR verbs

A

stem-change in all but the nosotros/vosotros form

37
Q

ALMORZAR = to have lunch

A 
almuerce
almuerces
almuerce
almorcemos
almorecéis
almuercen
38
Q

stem change : ER verbs

A

stem-change in all but the nosotros / vosotros form

39
Q

QUERER = to want

A 
quiera
quieras
quiera
queramos
queráis
quieran
40
Q

Stem change IR verbs

A

Stem-change in all, but in the nosotros / vosotros form change the E-> I or O -> U where appropriate

41
Q

MENTIR = to lie

A 
mienta
mientas
mienta
mintamos
mintáis
mientan
42
Q

Spell - changing verbs : Verbs ending in CAR

A

change C —> QU

43
Q

Spell - changing verbs : Verbs ending in GAR

A

change G —-> GU

44
Q

Spell - changing verbs : Verbs ending in ZAR

A

change Z —-> C

45
Q

What is the acronym for the usages

A 
W: wishes, desires, orders
E: emotions
I: impersonal expressesions
R: recommendants and suggestions
D: doubt and verbs of belief used negatively
O: ojalá (if only)
46
Q 
phrases that require the subjunctive:
so that
provided that
unless
in case
without
before
the fact that
provided that
A 
a fin de que / para que
con tal (de) que
a menos que
en caso de que
sin que
antes (de) que
el hecho de que
siempre que
47
Q 
Set subjunctive phrases
whatever happens
be that as it may
whatever he does / i do
wherever it comes from
whatever they say
A 
pase lo que pase
sea como sea
haga lo que haga
venga de donde venga
diga lo que digan
48
Q 
Conjunctions of time:
as soon as
while
when
until
however much
after
no matter how much
A 
tan pronto como / en cuanto / luego que
mientras
cuando
hasta que
por mucho que
después que
por más que
49
Q

When to use conjunctions of time with subjunctive

A

if the main clause is in the future or a command

50
Q

Subjunctive in relative clauses

A

use subjunctive when the antedecent (the word the clause modifies) is indefinite or negative
e.g i need a doctor who speaks Spanish

51
Q 
indefinite expressions are always followed by the subjunctive:
whoever
whenever
wherever
however
whatever
A 
quienquiera
cuandoquiera
dondequiera
comoquiera
cualquiera

Spanish A - Level Grammar (29 decks)

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