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Spanish A - Level Grammar > The past tense (preterite) > Flashcards

The past tense (preterite) Flashcards

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1
Q

When is it used?

A

Describing an action, completed in the past, that has only been done once.
I was born, I went on holiday to spain.

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2
Q

How is it formed?

A

1) taking off the AR, ER and Ir endings from infinitive

2) adding the appropriate endings

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3
Q

-AR endings

A 
é
aste
ó
amos
asteis
aron
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4
Q

-ER & -IR endings

A 
í
iste
ió
imos
isteis
ieron
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5
Q

Irregular common verbs

A

Ir (to go)
Hacer (to do/make)
Tener (to have)
Ser (to be)

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6
Q

Ir forms in preterite (went)

A 
fui
fuiste
fue
fuimos
fuisteis
fueron
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7
Q

Ser in preterite form (was/were)

A 
fui
fuiste
fue
fuimos
fuisteis
fueron
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8
Q

Tener in preterite form (had)

A 
tuve
tuviste
tuvo
tuvimos
tuvisteis
tuvieron
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9
Q 
Some irregular verbs change in their radical in the preterite.
They are:
to walk
to be
to have
to fit
aux. to have
to be able to
to put / place
to know
to make / do
to want
to come
A 
andar - anduv-
estar - estuv-
tener - tuv-
caber - cup-
haber - hub-
poder - pud-
poner - pus-
saber - sup-
hacer - hic-
querer - quis-
venir - vin-
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10
Q

Some verbs have a change in their spelling in order to keep the same sound in the pronunciation.
There are 3 types of spelling change and these ONLY occur in the YO form…

A

group 1 = verbs ending in -gar
group 2 = verbs ending in -car
group 3 = verbs ending in -zar

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11
Q

What happens with group 1 in spelling change

A

insert a -u- before the -é

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12
Q

Examples of group 1 spelling change are :
I played
I payed
I was called

A

Jugar - yo jugué
Pagar - yo pagué
Llegar - yo llegué

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13
Q

What happens in group 2 spelling change?

A

the -c- changes to -qu- before the -é

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14
Q 
Verbs that follow group 2 spelling change pattern are:
I practiced 
I parked
I looked for
I stood out
I justified
I took out/took a picture
I touched / played an instrument
A 
practicar - yo practiqué
aparcar - yo aparqué
buscar - yo busqué
destacar - yo destaqué
justificar - yo justifiqué
sacar - yo saqué
tocar - yo toqué
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15
Q

What happens in group 3 of spelling change?

A

the -z- changes to -c- before the -é

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16
Q 
Examples of group 3 spelling change are:
I started
I authorised
I began
I organised
I prayed
I symbolised
A 
yo empecé
yo autoricé
yo comencé
yo organicé
yo recé
yo simbolicé
17
Q

SER and IR have identical conjugations in the preterite, it is…

A 
fui
fuiste
fue
fuimos 
fuisteis
fueron
18
Q

Decir and traer follow the same pattern conjugations, as well as

A

Atraer (to attract)

Distraer (to distract)

19
Q

Decir in preterite

A 
dije
dijiste
dijo
dijimos
dijisteis
dijieron
20
Q

Traer in preterite

A 
traje
trajiste
trajo
trajimos
trajisteis
trajieron
21
Q

Dar in preterite

A 
di
diste
dio
dimos
disteis
dieron
22
Q

Ver in preterite

A 
vi
viste
vio
vimos
visteis
vieron
23
Q

Stem changing verbs that end in -IR have a stem-change in the 3rd person (he/she/it and they/them). What are the changes

A

O -> UE = -u-
E ->IE = –i-
E -> I = -i-

24
Q

For verbs with a vowel before the verb ending (-ER or -IR) there is also a change in the 3rd person singular (el/ella) and plural (ellos/ellas). What are the changes

A
  • i - changes to - y -

other persons take and accent on the - i -

25
Q 
Verbs that follow the I ----> Y change are
to fall
to fall down
to read
to hear
A

caer
caerse
leer
oír

26
Q

What are the changes of verbs ending in -UIR- in the third person singular and plural - however no accent on the -i-

A

i ——> y

27
Q 
Verbs that follow -uir change
to build
to contribute
to run away, flee
to include
to influence
A 
construir
contribuir
huir
incluir
influir
28
Q

All of the verbs ending in -UCIR- have what change

A

-j-

29
Q 
Verbs that follow the -UCIR change
to drive
to deduce
to introduce
to reduce
to translate
A 
conducir
deducir
introducir
reducir
traducir
30
Q 
The follow words will tell you straight away to use the preterite
yesterday
the day before yesterday
last week
last night
last month
the other day
last year
then
two days, years ago
yesterday morning
A 
ayer
anteayer
la semana pasada
anoche
el mes pasado
el otro día
el ano pasado
entonces
hace dos días, anos
ayer por la manana

Spanish A - Level Grammar (29 decks)

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