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SP15 Anatomy Exam 2 > The Peritoneum & Upper Abdomen Viscera > Flashcards

The Peritoneum & Upper Abdomen Viscera Flashcards

1
Q

What structure is a thin, translucent, serous membrane?

A

Peritoneum

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2
Q

The Peritoneum is split into two types what are they? What does each cover?

A

Parietal Peritoneum- Lines inner abdominal wall

Visceral peritoneum- covers organs

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3
Q

________ organs are located behind the peritoneum

A

retroperitoneal

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4
Q

T/F: Vessels tend to travel between the peritoneal layers within the mesenteries or retroperitoneal

A

True

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5
Q

T/F: Even though the umbilical folds are located on the anterior wall, they are retroperitoneal in location.

A

True

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6
Q

If mesentery becomes thickened and/ or envelops remnants of structures these are termed _____

A

folds

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7
Q

The median, medial (2), and lateral (2) umbilical folds are just the parietal peritoneum that fold up around structures that are located in a _______ position

A

retroperitoneal

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8
Q

All visceral & parietal peritoneal membranes form what structure?

A

Peritoneal sac

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9
Q

A potential space within the peritoneal sac, that becomes an actual space is termed what?

A

Peritoneal cavity

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10
Q

T/F: There are large air pockets around our viscera

A

False, viscera press up against each other

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11
Q

Any potential space can become filled with up to several liters of fluid. This fluid is termed what?

A

Ascites

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12
Q

T/F: Ascites are only caused by serous fluid

A

False: Ascites can be any fluid including pus, blood, bile, etc

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13
Q

Anchors of mesentery to the abdominal wall tend to form ______

A

ligaments

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14
Q

The ______ foramen is a space, into the omental bursa

A

Omental

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15
Q

The ______ sac surrounds the entire anterior portion of the viscera

A

Greater

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16
Q

What structure attaches to the greater curvature of the stomach and transverse colon, and drapes over the small intestines like an ‘apron’?

A

Greater Omentum

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17
Q

The Greater Omentum attaches to the ______ curvature and ______ colon

A

Greater

Transverse

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18
Q

The Greater Omentum is a continuation of the ______ peritoneum of the stomach

A

visceral

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19
Q

The gastrocolic ligament has how many layers of peritoneum?

A

4

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20
Q

What structure can functionally wall off infections & inflammation sites in the abdominal cavity?

A

Greater Omentum

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21
Q

Because the greater omentum is mobile and thin, any infection or inflammation can result in the production of _______

A

Adhesions

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22
Q

Anything that creates an adhesion will _____ mobility

A

restrict

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23
Q

T/F: The Greater Omentum is a place where lots of fat is stored

A

True

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24
Q

The lesser omentum is located on the ______ side of the stomach

A

posterior

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25
Q

The lesser omentum attaches to the _____ curvature of the stomach, and the _______

A

lesser

duodenum

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26
Q

The _________ ligament connects the liver to the stomach

A

Hepatogastric

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27
Q

The _______ ligament connects the liver to the duodenum

A

Hepatoduodenal

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28
Q

The portal triad is contained in what ligament?

A

Hepatoduodenal ligament

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29
Q

The portal triad is composed of what structures?

A

Hepatic a, Portal v & bile duct

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30
Q

The lesser omentum is made up of what two ligaments?

A

Hepatoduodenal & Hepatogastric

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31
Q

The right margin of the Hepatoduodenal ligament contains what foramen?

A

Omental foramen

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32
Q

The double layer that acts as an anchor for most of the small intestine to the posterior abdominal wall is called what?

A

Mesentery Proper

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33
Q

The mesentery proper anchors what structure to the posterior abdominal wall?

A

Small intestine

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34
Q

This double fold acts as an anchor to the small intestine and runs in a diagonal direction from the duodenojejunal jxn. to the ileocecal jxn.

A

Mesentery Proper

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35
Q

The Duodenum is anchored to the posterior wall by what structure?

A

Suspensory Ligament of Treitz

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36
Q

The Suspensory Ligament of Treitz does what two things?

A

Creates a flexure at Duodenojejunal jxn
Anchors Duodenum to separate activity of gastroduodenal piece from ileum and jejunum
Prevents sagging

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37
Q

What structure anchors portions of the colon to the posterior abdominal wall?

A

Mesocolon

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38
Q

What portions of the colon are anchored to the posterior wall?

A

Transverse colon

Sigmoid colon

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39
Q

What structure anchors the Transverse colon to the posterior wall?

A

Transverse mesocolon

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40
Q

What structure anchors the Sigmoid colon to the posterior wall?

A

Sigmoid mesocolon

41
Q

T/F: The Ascending and Descending colon have no mesentery associated with them.

A

True. They are attached directly to the posterior wall

42
Q

What structure divides the liver into R&L lobes?

A

Falciform ligament

43
Q

The Falciform ligament anchos the ______ to diaphragm & anterior body wall

A

liver

44
Q

T/F: The rectum is fully covered with peritoneum

A

False, it is only partially covered

45
Q

The most inferior extent of the falciform ligament is called what?

A

Round ligament of the liver

46
Q

The round ligament is the obliterated remnant of the ______ ______.

A

umbilical vein

47
Q

The reflections of peritoneum around the bare area of the liver are called what?

A

Coronary ligaments

48
Q

The coronary ligaments (anterior and posterior) attach the liver to the inferior surface of the ________

A

diaphragm

49
Q

The bare area of the liver is located in the _____ _____ surface of the liver

A

upper posterior

50
Q

What two pouches are potential spaces in standing patients and actual spaces in recumbent patients?

A

Hepatorenal pouch

Rectovesical or Rectouterine pouch

51
Q

T/F: In standing patients you can have spillage from the pelvic brim of the Rectovesical pouch into the Hepatorenal pouch

A

False, this can occur but only in recumbent patients

52
Q

The Hepatorenal Pouch or pouch of ______, is bounded by the _____, ____ _____, _____ & ______

A 
Morrison
liver
right kidney
colon
duodenum
53
Q

T/F: When recumbent the Hepatorenal pouch is the lowest part of the peritoneal cavity

A

True, note that the right is deeper than the left

54
Q

T/F: Fluids in the Hepatorenal pouch may move down to the rectovesical/rectouterine pouch when reclining or sitting up.

A

True

55
Q

The Rectovesical pouch is the peritoneal pouch between the ____ and ____ _____ in males

A

rectum

urinary bladder

56
Q

Fluids in the Rectovesical pouch may move up to the hepatorenal pouch when in ________ position

A

Trendelenburg position

57
Q

T/F: In females, there are 3 pouches in the peritoneal cavity

A

True, Females have the Recto-uterine pouch, Vesico-uterine pouch, and Hepatorenal pouch

58
Q

The Recto-uterine pouch is the peritoneal pouch between the _____ and _____ in females

A

rectum

uterus

59
Q

The anterior pouch between the uterus and the urinary bladder is called what?

A

Vesico-uterine pouch

60
Q

What structures are considered glands and associated digestive organs?

A

Liver, Gallbladder, Pancreas, Spleen

61
Q

This structure detoxifies chemical products & produces bile

A

Liver

62
Q

What structure stores bile for emulsification of fats?

A

Gallbladder

63
Q

What structure produces enzymes for digestion?

A

Pancreas

64
Q

What structure produces lymphocytes & filters blood?

A

Spleen

65
Q

The posterior surface of the liver is called the _____ _____

A

Visceral Liver

66
Q

The anterior surface of the liver is called the _______ liver

A

diaphragmatic

67
Q

The right and left hepatic ducts receive bile from what structures?

A

right and left lobes of the liver

68
Q

What duct receives the right and left hepatic ducts?

A

Common hepatic duct

69
Q

The common bile duct receives which ducts?

A

cystic & common hepatic ducts

70
Q

The common bile duct joins the main pancreatic duct to empty into the descending part of the ______ at the ____ _____ papilla

A

duodenum

major duodenal

71
Q

The ____ _____ papilla is where the accessory duodenal

A

minor duodenal

72
Q

The pancreas consists of what 5 structures?

A

Head, neck, body, tail, and uncinate process

73
Q

The pancreas is surrounded by the C-shaped duodenum on the _____ and spleen on the _____

A

right

left

74
Q

T/F: Enzymes drain from pancreas via 1 or 2 ducts

A

True

75
Q

The Spleen is located on the _____

A

left

76
Q

The diaphragmatic surface of the spleen contacts the diaphragm along which ribs?

A

9-11

77
Q

The _____ is the point of entry for neurovasculature and vasculature into the spleen

A

hilum

78
Q

What is the 1st major branch of the Abdominal Aorta?

A

Celiac Trunk

79
Q

The liver, gallbladder, esophagus, stomach, pancreas & spleen are supplied by what branch of the Abdominal aorta

A

Celiac Trunk

80
Q

The Celiac Trunk has what 3 main branches?

A

Common hepatic
L. Gastric
Splenic aa.

81
Q

The right branch of the celiac trunck, that runs toward the liver and gall bladder is called what?

A

Common Hepatic a.

82
Q

The Common Hepatic A. has 2 terminal branches, what are they?

A

Proper hepatic a.

Gastroduodenal a.

83
Q

The superior branch of the common hepatic a. is what?

A

Proper hepatic a.

84
Q

This artery runs toward the liver & medial to bile duct, and splits into R & L hepatic aa

A

Proper hepatic a.

85
Q

The inferior branch of the common hepatic a. is what?

A

Gastroduodenal a.

86
Q

This artery sends superior pancreaticoduodenal aa. to pancreas/ duodenum

A

Gastroduodenal a.

87
Q

This artery sends the R. gastroepiploic a. to the greater curvature of the stomach

A

Gastroduodenal a.

88
Q

The superior branch of the Celiac Trunk is what?

A

Left Gastric a.

89
Q

What artery runs left toward the lesser curvature of the stomach?

A

L. Gastric a

90
Q

What artery supplies the stomach & esophagus (via esophageal branches)?

A

L. Gastric a

91
Q

The left branch of the celiac trunk, that runs toward the spleen is what?

A

Splenic a.

92
Q

What artery supplies the pancreas & spleen?

A

Splenic a.

93
Q

The Splenic a. sends short _____ aa. & ____ ______ a. to supply the greater curvature of stomach

A

gastric

left gastroepiploic

94
Q

The cystic a. usually arises from ____ ____ a.

A

Right hepatic

95
Q

75% of the time the cystic a. runs ______ to common hepatic duct

A

posterior

96
Q

The cystic a. supplies the ____ & ___ ____

A

gallbladder

cystic duct

97
Q

The ____ ____ a. usually arises from proper hepatic a.

A

right gastric

98
Q

The right gastric a. usually arises from ___ _____ a.

A

proper hepatic

99
Q

The R. gastric a. supplies the ____ ____ of the stomach

A

lesser curvature

SP15 Anatomy Exam 2 (8 decks)

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