Development of the Urinary System (Embryo) Flashcards
The urogenital system can functionally be divided into what two systems?
Urinary system
Genital system
Both the urinary system and genital system develop from a _____ _____ ____ (intermediate mesoderm)
common mesodermal ridge
As the intermediate mesoderm develops it moves in a _____ to ______ direction
cranial
caudal
In what week do we really begin to see the development of the urogenital system?
week 4
The urogenital system is derived embryologically from what mesoderm?
intermediate
Any structure derived from intermediate mesoderm is in a _______ position
retroperitoneal
The urogenital ridge can be separated into what two sections?
nephrogenic and genital
The kidneys develop in a ____ to ___ sequence
cranial
caudal
The kidney has 3 slightly overlapping kidney systems, what are they?
Pronephros (rudimentary, nonfunctional)
Mesonephros (function for a short time during early fetal period)
Metanephros (forms the permanent kidney)
Renoagenesis (kidney doesn’t develop at all) can be seen as early as day ____
23
The Pronephroid is the primitive _____ and is _______ in terms of functionality
kidney
non-functional
The pronephroid appears at day ____ and degenerates by day ____
21
24
The mesonephros appears in early week ___
4
The mesonephros begin to develop in the ____ and ___ vertebral levels
thoracic and lumbar
The thoracic segments of the mesonephros regress in week ____ but the mesonephric kidney continues functioning until week ____
5
10
The mesonephros is functional at what weeks?
6-10
mesonephric vesicles develop in what direction?
craniocaudal
The nephrogenic chord makes a space termed the _____
mesonephric vesicle
The mesonephric vesicle begins to grow toward the mesonephric duct, forming what structure?
mesonephric tubule
Mesonephric ducts extend into lower lumbar and fuse with cloaca, this structure contributes to the ___ ____
posterior bladder
Canalization begins ____ and grows _____
caudally
cranially
The mesonephric duct joining the cloaca initiates growth of the _______ _____
Metanephric diverticulum (ureteric bud)
The metanephroid has 2 components what are they?
Collecting portion
Excretory portion
The collecting portion gives rise to what structures?
renal pelvis, ureters, collecting ducts, major & minor calyces
The excretory portion gives rise to what?
forms Bowmans capsule, PCT, DCT, and loop of Henle
The metanephric blastema is a mass of ____ which gives rise to what structure?
mesencyme
kidney
The ascent of the kidney occurs in what weeks?
6-9
The kidneys initially form near the ____ end of the embryo
caudal
The growth in length of the kidneys causes them to _____
ascend
T/F: Kidneys drag their blood supply with them as they ascend
False. They do not drag them they send out new and slightly more cranial branches, which cause the regression of the more caudal branches
If the kidney does not ascend it is called what?
pelvic kidney
If the inferior poles of both kidneys fuse together what is it called?
Horseshoe kidney
A kidney with more than 1 renal artery has _____ aa. and is usually caused by what?
supernumerary
improper regression of branches of arteries during ascent of the kidney
The ______ will start to occlude and become obliterated and will be called the urachus in adults
Allantois
The Allantois will start to occlude and become obliterated. This structure is called what in the adult?
urachus
Persistent intraembryonic allantois can cause what 3 complications?
Urachal cyst
Urachal sinus
Urachal fistula
When allantois closes off at either end, but you have swelling of fluid in it to create a pocket is termed what?
Urachal cyst
Allantois closure at one end, open on the other is termed what?
Urachal sinus
Alantois not closed off at all creates what?
Urachal fistula
