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SP15 Anatomy Exam 2 > Pelvis and Pelvic Floor > Flashcards

Pelvis and Pelvic Floor Flashcards

1
Q

The ____ pelvis is below the pelvic brim

A

true

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2
Q

The true pelvis is ____ the pelvic brim

A

below

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3
Q

The ____ pelvis is above the pelvic brim

A

false

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4
Q

The false pelvis is ____ the pelvic brim

A

above

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5
Q

The pelvis is thought to begin at the top of the _____

A

ilium

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6
Q

The false pelvis is also known as the _____ pelvis

A

greater

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7
Q

The true pelvis is also known as the ____ pelvis

A

lesser

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8
Q

The pelvic brim is defined by bony landmarks on the ____, ____ and ____ bones

A

ileum
ischium
pubis

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9
Q

T/F: The true pelvis is located superior to the false pelvis

A

False, the false pelvis is superior to the true pelvis

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10
Q

The perineum is a structure between 2 planes. We have the _____ portion of the perineum and the ______ portion of the perineum

A

urogenital

anal

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11
Q

The perineum is _____ to the pelvic diaphragm

A

inferior

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12
Q

The rectum, uterus, and bladder are in a ________ position

A

retroperitoneal

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13
Q

The caval system is in located in a ______ position

A

retroperitoneal

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14
Q

All the vasculature that supply the structures of the pelvic cavity are going to be in a ______ position

A

retroperitoneal

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15
Q

The os coxae is the triad of what 3 bones?

A

Ilium
ishium
pubis

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16
Q

The linea terminalis is formed by a combination of what 3 structures?

A

Pubic crest
Pecten pubis
Arcuate line

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17
Q

The linea terminalis is continuous with the ____ of ___ of the sacrum

A

margin of ala

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18
Q

The sacral ____ is the posterior extent of the pelvic brim

A

promontory

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19
Q

The sacral promontory is located at ____ margin of the ___ vertebral body

A

superior

S1

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20
Q

In the male pelvis the pelvic brim is ____ - shaped while in the female it is ____ shaped

A

heart

oval

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21
Q

The female pubic symphysis is _____ than the male pubic symphysis

A

shorter

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22
Q

Females have a much wider pubic arch, more flared alas, ischial tuberosities that are farther apart, and a shorter & less curved sacrum all in accommodation for ______

A

childbirth

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23
Q

The sub- pubic symphysis angle is larger in the _____

A

female

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24
Q

The anterior-posterior dimension of the pelvic brim opening is larger in the ______

A

female

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25
Q

The _____ and ______ ligaments create our greater and lesser sciatic foramen

A

Sacrotuberous

Sacrospinous

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26
Q

The sacrotuberous and sacrospinous ligaments create our greater and lesser ____ ____

A

sciatic foramen

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27
Q

The ____ _____ closes off most of the obturator foramen, leaving a small opening which is called the _____ ____

A

Obturator membrane

Obturator canal

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28
Q

From an anterior view, the Sacrospinous ligament is _______ to the sacrotuberous ligament

A

superficial/ superior

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29
Q

The ______ sacroiliac ligament is located deep to the Ant. sacroiliac ligament and posterior sacroiliac ligament

A

interosseous

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30
Q

The sacrotuberous ligament runs from the ____ _____ to the ____

A

ischial tuberosity

sacrum/ coccyx

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31
Q

The sacrospinous ligament runs from the ____ ____ to the _____

A

ischial spine

sacrum/ coccyx

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32
Q

The ______ ligament is the lower border of the lesser sciatic foramen

A

sacrotuberous

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33
Q

The _____ ligament is the boundary between the lesser and greater sciatic foramen

A

sacrospinous

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34
Q

The greater sciatic foramen is located ____ to the lesser sciatic foramen

A

superior

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35
Q

The two muscles of the pelvic walls are what?

A

Piriformis m

Obturator internus

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36
Q

The piriformis m. runs from the ____ sacrum to the ____ ____ of the femur

A

anterior

greater trochanter

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37
Q

The piriformis m. passes _____ the greater sciatic notch

A

behind (external to)

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38
Q

Attachment of the piriformis is associated with what vertebral bones?

A

S2-S4

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39
Q

The obturator internus m. runs from the _____ ____ to the ____ ____ of the femur

A

obturator foramen
greater trochanter
(note it will also leave an opening for the obturator foramen just like the membrane)

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40
Q

The obturator internus is covered with ____ fascia & attaches to _____ ____ as tendinous arch

A

thick

levator ani

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41
Q

The ____ ___ muscles are the largest components of the pelvic diaphragm

A

levator ani

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42
Q

Innervation of the piriformis is associated with what vertebral nerves?

A

S1, S2

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43
Q

Innervation for the Obturator internus m. is associated with what vertebral nerves?

A

L5, S1

44
Q

The obturator internus passes thru the _____ sciatic foramen

A

lesser

45
Q

The piriformis passes thru the _____ sciatic foramen

A

greater

46
Q

The levator ani m is a combination of ____ muscles that help make up the _____ of the pelvic cavity

A

3

floor

47
Q

The levator ani m is made up of what 3 mm?

A

Iliococcygeus m
Pubococcygeus m
Puborectalis m

48
Q

In the female the vaginal orifice opens into the _____ perineum

A

urogenital

49
Q

The coccygeus mm are just _____ to the sacrospinous ligament

A

internal

50
Q

T/F: The pelvic diaphragm is large and strong

A

False: it is very thin

51
Q

The obturator canal transmits the ______ n. and vessels

A

obturator

52
Q

When looking at the pelvis from a superior view, the most medial of the Levator ani muscles is the _______ m, just lateral to it is the _______ m, and the most lateral levator ani m is the _______ m.

A

Puborectalis
Pubococcygeus
Iliococcygeus

53
Q

The ______ m. acts as a sling that wraps around the rectum and holds it up

A

Puborectalis

54
Q

The puborectalis m. has to _____ in order to decussate

A

relax

55
Q

The _______ and _______ mm support the weight of the large bowel

A

Pubococcygeus

Iliococcygeus

56
Q

This structure is made up of two triangles, and is a diamond shaped region between thigh

A

Perineum

57
Q

What triangle of the perineum allows for passage of urinary & genital systems?

A

Urogenital

58
Q

What triangle of the perineum allows for passage of the rectum and anus?

A

Anal

59
Q

The urogenital triangle is ______ to the anal triangle

A

anterior

60
Q

What triangle of the perineum contains the deep transverse perineal mm?

A

Urogenital

Note: The deep transverse perineal mm are also called the UG diaphragm

61
Q

What triangle of the perineum contains the pelvic floor mm?

A

Anal

Note: The pelvic floor mm are also called the pelvic diaphragm

62
Q

Most of the depth of the Anal triangle of the the Perineum is filled with _____

A

fat

63
Q

T/F: The perineum is a component of the pelvic diaphragm

A

False

64
Q

The UG diaphragm is composed of __ ____ ____ mm.

A

Deep transverse perineal

65
Q

The UG diaphragm extends between 2 ____ ____, and attaches posteriorly to ____ _____

A 
pubic arches
perineal body (a midline connective tissue point of attachment)
66
Q

T/F: The pelvic diaphragm extends over the urogenital area to the pubic symphysis

A

False. It DOES NOT extend over the urogenital area, urethral opening, or vaginal orifice

67
Q

T/F: The deep transverse mm. are continuous with the external sphincter mm

A

True

68
Q

The deep perineal pouch is inferiorly lined with the _____ membrane

A

perineal

69
Q

What structures transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder?

A

Ureters

70
Q

The ureters cross the ____ ____ vessels and descend into the pelvis. They travel to the ______ aspect of the urinary bladder

A

external iliac

posterolateral

71
Q

The triangular area of the bladder that receive the ureters is called the _____

A

Trigone

72
Q

When the bladder fills it extends _____

A

superiorly

73
Q

In the male the ____ ____ crosses the ureter, usually very close to its insertion on the bladder

A

Ductus Deferens

74
Q

In the female the ____ ____ crosses the ureter

A

uterine artery

75
Q

In females the ureter passes ____ to the uterine artery

A

inferior

76
Q

The urinary bladder _____ urine prior to expulsion thru ____

A

stores

urethra

77
Q

The urinary bladder consists of smooth m, termed ____ ___

A

detrusor urinae (detrusor smooth m)

78
Q

The urinary bladder is covered by peritoneum which makes its position _______

A

retroperitoneal

79
Q

The trigone of the urinary bladder has 3 orifices associated with it, what are they?

A

2 openings for the ureters

Internal urethral orifice

80
Q

In males, the prostate is above the _____ but below the ____ ____

A

perineum

urinary bladder

81
Q

The female urethra is ___ than the male urethra

A

shorter

82
Q

The female urethra is between the ____ ____ and ____

A

Glans clitoris

Vagina

83
Q

The _____ part of the urethra goes through the membrane of the perineum in the male

A

membranous

84
Q

The ____ part of the urethra is the beginning of the urethra from the bladder in the male

A

Preprostatic

85
Q

In the male, the _____ part of the urethra goes through the prostate

A

Prostatic

86
Q

In the male the _____ part of the urethra extends out thru the penis

A

spongy

87
Q

The rectum is located in the ___ pelvis, ____ to the pelvic floor

A

true

superior

88
Q

The _____ canal runs along the obturatur internus

A

pudendal

89
Q

The anal canal emerges in the anal triangle ____ to the pelvic floor

A

inferior

90
Q

The anal canal is continuous with rectum at the ______ junction & produces curvature termed the _____ ____

A

anorectal

perineal flexure

91
Q

In the male, the ____ ____ connect the testes with the rest of the reproductive structures

A

spermatic cord

92
Q

The primary reproductive organs of the male are what?

A

testes

93
Q

The neurovasculare for the testes and the ducus (vas) deferens is found where?

A

Spermatic cord

94
Q

The fascial sheath associated with the spermatic cord are derived from where?

A

Ant. abdominal wall

95
Q

The spermatic cord takes the fascia layers from the Ant. abdominal wall as it descends down into the scrotum, the most superficial layer will be from the ___ ____, the layer deep to that is from the ___ ___ and is continuous with the cremaster m, and the innermost layer is from the ___ ___

A

External oblique
Internal oblique
Transversus Abdominis

96
Q

The ductus deferens passes just _____ the inferior epigastric vessels

A

posterior

97
Q

The vaginal opening is just ____ to the urethral opening

A

posterior

98
Q

The uterus is usually _____ & at right angle to ____ ____

A

anteverted (tipped anteriorly)

vaginal canal

99
Q

The ____ of the uterus changes with full bladder and pregnancy

A

position

100
Q

The Uterine cervix opens to vagina as _____ os and uterus as _____ os

A

external

internal

101
Q

The Vaginal fornix is a circular gutter surrounding the ____ and is ______ posteriorly than anteriorly

A

cervix

deeper

102
Q

The suspensory ligament is peritoneum covering _____ vessels & nn

A

ovarian

103
Q

The ____ ligament is peritoneum covering the uterus and adnexa

A

broad

104
Q

The round ligament of the uterus follows the same path as what male structure?

A

ductus deferens

105
Q

What ligament anchors the ovary to the uterus?

A

Ovarian

106
Q

The round ligament of the uterus is a continuation of the ____ ligament, and passes thru inguinal canal to fuse with _____ _____

A

ovarian

labia majora

SP15 Anatomy Exam 2 (8 decks)

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