Pelvis and Pelvic Floor Flashcards
1
Q
The ____ pelvis is below the pelvic brim
A
true
2
Q
The true pelvis is ____ the pelvic brim
A
below
3
Q
The ____ pelvis is above the pelvic brim
A
false
4
Q
The false pelvis is ____ the pelvic brim
A
above
5
Q
The pelvis is thought to begin at the top of the _____
A
ilium
6
Q
The false pelvis is also known as the _____ pelvis
A
greater
7
Q
The true pelvis is also known as the ____ pelvis
A
lesser
8
Q
The pelvic brim is defined by bony landmarks on the ____, ____ and ____ bones
A
ileum
ischium
pubis
9
Q
T/F: The true pelvis is located superior to the false pelvis
A
False, the false pelvis is superior to the true pelvis
10
Q
The perineum is a structure between 2 planes. We have the _____ portion of the perineum and the ______ portion of the perineum
A
urogenital
anal
11
Q
The perineum is _____ to the pelvic diaphragm
A
inferior
12
Q
The rectum, uterus, and bladder are in a ________ position
A
retroperitoneal
13
Q
The caval system is in located in a ______ position
A
retroperitoneal
14
Q
All the vasculature that supply the structures of the pelvic cavity are going to be in a ______ position
A
retroperitoneal
15
Q
The os coxae is the triad of what 3 bones?
A
Ilium
ishium
pubis
16
Q
The linea terminalis is formed by a combination of what 3 structures?
A
Pubic crest
Pecten pubis
Arcuate line
17
Q
The linea terminalis is continuous with the ____ of ___ of the sacrum
A
margin of ala
18
Q
The sacral ____ is the posterior extent of the pelvic brim
A
promontory
19
Q
The sacral promontory is located at ____ margin of the ___ vertebral body
A
superior
S1
20
Q
In the male pelvis the pelvic brim is ____ - shaped while in the female it is ____ shaped
A
heart
oval
21
Q
The female pubic symphysis is _____ than the male pubic symphysis
A
shorter
22
Q
Females have a much wider pubic arch, more flared alas, ischial tuberosities that are farther apart, and a shorter & less curved sacrum all in accommodation for ______
A
childbirth
23
Q
The sub- pubic symphysis angle is larger in the _____
A
female
24
Q
The anterior-posterior dimension of the pelvic brim opening is larger in the ______
A
female
25
The _____ and ______ ligaments create our greater and lesser sciatic foramen
Sacrotuberous
| Sacrospinous
26
The sacrotuberous and sacrospinous ligaments create our greater and lesser ____ ____
sciatic foramen
27
The ____ _____ closes off most of the obturator foramen, leaving a small opening which is called the _____ ____
Obturator membrane
| Obturator canal
28
From an anterior view, the Sacrospinous ligament is _______ to the sacrotuberous ligament
superficial/ superior
29
The ______ sacroiliac ligament is located deep to the Ant. sacroiliac ligament and posterior sacroiliac ligament
interosseous
30
The sacrotuberous ligament runs from the ____ _____ to the ____
ischial tuberosity
| sacrum/ coccyx
31
The sacrospinous ligament runs from the ____ ____ to the _____
ischial spine
| sacrum/ coccyx
32
The ______ ligament is the lower border of the lesser sciatic foramen
sacrotuberous
33
The _____ ligament is the boundary between the lesser and greater sciatic foramen
sacrospinous
34
The greater sciatic foramen is located ____ to the lesser sciatic foramen
superior
35
The two muscles of the pelvic walls are what?
Piriformis m
| Obturator internus
36
The piriformis m. runs from the ____ sacrum to the ____ ____ of the femur
anterior
| greater trochanter
37
The piriformis m. passes _____ the greater sciatic notch
behind (external to)
38
Attachment of the piriformis is associated with what vertebral bones?
S2-S4
39
The obturator internus m. runs from the _____ ____ to the ____ ____ of the femur
obturator foramen
greater trochanter
(note it will also leave an opening for the obturator foramen just like the membrane)
40
The obturator internus is covered with ____ fascia & attaches to _____ ____ as tendinous arch
thick
| levator ani
41
The ____ ___ muscles are the largest components of the pelvic diaphragm
levator ani
42
Innervation of the piriformis is associated with what vertebral nerves?
S1, S2
43
Innervation for the Obturator internus m. is associated with what vertebral nerves?
L5, S1
44
The obturator internus passes thru the _____ sciatic foramen
lesser
45
The piriformis passes thru the _____ sciatic foramen
greater
46
The levator ani m is a combination of ____ muscles that help make up the _____ of the pelvic cavity
3
| floor
47
The levator ani m is made up of what 3 mm?
Iliococcygeus m
Pubococcygeus m
Puborectalis m
48
In the female the vaginal orifice opens into the _____ perineum
urogenital
49
The coccygeus mm are just _____ to the sacrospinous ligament
internal
50
T/F: The pelvic diaphragm is large and strong
False: it is very thin
51
The obturator canal transmits the ______ n. and vessels
obturator
52
When looking at the pelvis from a superior view, the most medial of the Levator ani muscles is the _______ m, just lateral to it is the _______ m, and the most lateral levator ani m is the _______ m.
Puborectalis
Pubococcygeus
Iliococcygeus
53
The ______ m. acts as a sling that wraps around the rectum and holds it up
Puborectalis
54
The puborectalis m. has to _____ in order to decussate
relax
55
The _______ and _______ mm support the weight of the large bowel
Pubococcygeus
| Iliococcygeus
56
This structure is made up of two triangles, and is a diamond shaped region between thigh
Perineum
57
What triangle of the perineum allows for passage of urinary & genital systems?
Urogenital
58
What triangle of the perineum allows for passage of the rectum and anus?
Anal
59
The urogenital triangle is ______ to the anal triangle
anterior
60
What triangle of the perineum contains the deep transverse perineal mm?
Urogenital
| Note: The deep transverse perineal mm are also called the UG diaphragm
61
What triangle of the perineum contains the pelvic floor mm?
Anal
| Note: The pelvic floor mm are also called the pelvic diaphragm
62
Most of the depth of the Anal triangle of the the Perineum is filled with _____
fat
63
T/F: The perineum is a component of the pelvic diaphragm
False
64
The UG diaphragm is composed of __ ____ ____ mm.
Deep transverse perineal
65
The UG diaphragm extends between 2 ____ ____, and attaches posteriorly to ____ _____
```
pubic arches
perineal body (a midline connective tissue point of attachment)
```
66
T/F: The pelvic diaphragm extends over the urogenital area to the pubic symphysis
False. It DOES NOT extend over the urogenital area, urethral opening, or vaginal orifice
67
T/F: The deep transverse mm. are continuous with the external sphincter mm
True
68
The deep perineal pouch is inferiorly lined with the _____ membrane
perineal
69
What structures transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder?
Ureters
70
The ureters cross the ____ ____ vessels and descend into the pelvis. They travel to the ______ aspect of the urinary bladder
external iliac
| posterolateral
71
The triangular area of the bladder that receive the ureters is called the _____
Trigone
72
When the bladder fills it extends _____
superiorly
73
In the male the ____ ____ crosses the ureter, usually very close to its insertion on the bladder
Ductus Deferens
74
In the female the ____ ____ crosses the ureter
uterine artery
75
In females the ureter passes ____ to the uterine artery
inferior
76
The urinary bladder _____ urine prior to expulsion thru ____
stores
| urethra
77
The urinary bladder consists of smooth m, termed ____ ___
detrusor urinae (detrusor smooth m)
78
The urinary bladder is covered by peritoneum which makes its position _______
retroperitoneal
79
The trigone of the urinary bladder has 3 orifices associated with it, what are they?
2 openings for the ureters
| Internal urethral orifice
80
In males, the prostate is above the _____ but below the ____ ____
perineum
| urinary bladder
81
The female urethra is ___ than the male urethra
shorter
82
The female urethra is between the ____ ____ and ____
Glans clitoris
| Vagina
83
The _____ part of the urethra goes through the membrane of the perineum in the male
membranous
84
The ____ part of the urethra is the beginning of the urethra from the bladder in the male
Preprostatic
85
In the male, the _____ part of the urethra goes through the prostate
Prostatic
86
In the male the _____ part of the urethra extends out thru the penis
spongy
87
The rectum is located in the ___ pelvis, ____ to the pelvic floor
true
| superior
88
The _____ canal runs along the obturatur internus
pudendal
89
The anal canal emerges in the anal triangle ____ to the pelvic floor
inferior
90
The anal canal is continuous with rectum at the ______ junction & produces curvature termed the _____ ____
anorectal
| perineal flexure
91
In the male, the ____ ____ connect the testes with the rest of the reproductive structures
spermatic cord
92
The primary reproductive organs of the male are what?
testes
93
The neurovasculare for the testes and the ducus (vas) deferens is found where?
Spermatic cord
94
The fascial sheath associated with the spermatic cord are derived from where?
Ant. abdominal wall
95
The spermatic cord takes the fascia layers from the Ant. abdominal wall as it descends down into the scrotum, the most superficial layer will be from the ___ ____, the layer deep to that is from the ___ ___ and is continuous with the cremaster m, and the innermost layer is from the ___ ___
External oblique
Internal oblique
Transversus Abdominis
96
The ductus deferens passes just _____ the inferior epigastric vessels
posterior
97
The vaginal opening is just ____ to the urethral opening
posterior
98
The uterus is usually _____ & at right angle to ____ ____
anteverted (tipped anteriorly)
| vaginal canal
99
The ____ of the uterus changes with full bladder and pregnancy
position
100
The Uterine cervix opens to vagina as _____ os and uterus as _____ os
external
| internal
101
The Vaginal fornix is a circular gutter surrounding the ____ and is ______ posteriorly than anteriorly
cervix
| deeper
102
The suspensory ligament is peritoneum covering _____ vessels & nn
ovarian
103
The ____ ligament is peritoneum covering the uterus and adnexa
broad
104
The round ligament of the uterus follows the same path as what male structure?
ductus deferens
105
What ligament anchors the ovary to the uterus?
Ovarian
106
The round ligament of the uterus is a continuation of the ____ ligament, and passes thru inguinal canal to fuse with _____ _____
ovarian
| labia majora
