The Paw

Question 1

Digitigrade means

Answer 1

The carpus/tarsus do not touch the ground

Question 2

3 types of pads

Answer 2

-Digital
-Metacarpal/Metatarsal
-Carpal (no Tarsal!)

Question 3

Pads of the Paw are (5):

Answer 3

-thick, tough, densely cornified skin
-made of subcutaneous fibro-elastic tissue
-contain fat pad for shock absorption
-contain sweat glands
-absorb shock

Question 4

Digital Pads (3)

Answer 4

-Digit I is not in contact with the ground, it may or may not have a pad
-Digits II-V touch the ground
-pad is under the Distal Interphalyngeal Joint

Question 5

Metacarpal/Metatarsal Pads (3)

Answer 5

-large
-main weight bearing pad
-pad is under the Metacarpal/Metatarsal Phalyngeal Joint

Question 6

Carpal Pad (3)

Answer 6

-only on the forelimb (ie. no Tarsal Pad exists)
-may contact ground during sprinting
-pad is under the Carpo-Metacarpal Joint

Question 7

Label the three parts of the Pad (front and back paw):

Answer 7

Front Paw:
Pink - Carpal Pad
Red - Digital Pads
Blue - Metacarpal Pad

Back Paw:
Red - Digital Pads
Blue - Metatarsal Pad
*Tarsal Pad does not exist

Question 8

The Long Axis of the paw

Answer 8

runs between Digits III-IV

Question 9

Axial means

Answer 9

Towards the Long Axis of the paw

Question 10

Abaxial means

Answer 10

Away from the Long Axis of the paw

Question 11

There are __ arteries that go to the paw

Answer 11

4

Question 12

The four main arteries of the paw are:

Answer 12

-Dorsal Common Digital Artery
-Palmar/Plantar Common Digital Artery
-Dorsal Metacarpal/tarsal Artery
-Palmar/Plantar Metacarpal/tarsal Artery

Question 13

Arteries of the paw will further branch into:

Answer 13

-Axial Dorsal Proper Digital Artery
-Abaxial Dorsal Proper Digital Artery
-Axial Palmar/Plantar Proper Digital Artery
-Abaxial Palmar/Plantar Proper Digital Artery

Question 14

Which blood vessel is deep to the Common Digital Arteries

Answer 14

Metacarpal/tarsal Artery

Question 15

There are __ nerves to the paw

Answer 15

3

Question 16

The 3 nerves to the fore paw are:

Answer 16

-Radial
-Median
-Ulnar

Question 17

The 3 nerves to the hind paw are:

Answer 17

-Peroneal
-Saphenous
-Tibial

Question 18

The dorsal surface of the fore paw is mainly innervated by the

Answer 18

Radial nerve

Question 19

The Palmer surface is mainly innervated by the

Answer 19

-Median nerve (towards medial)
-Ulnar nerve (towards lateral)

Question 20

The dorsal surface of the hind paw is mainly innervated by the

Answer 20

Peroneal Nerve

Question 21

The Plantar surface is mainly innervated by the

Answer 21

Saphenous and Tibial Nerves

Question 22

The Interosseus Muscle (5)

Answer 22

-lies between the Metacarpals and Deep Digital Flexor
-Originates at the Proximal Metacarpals
-Inserts at the Proximal Phalynx and Common Digital Extensor
-flexes digits
-retracts claws

Question 23

Dorsal Forepaw Muscles:

Answer 23

-Common Digital Extensor
-Lateral Digital Extensor

Question 24

Palmer Muscles:

Answer 24

-Superficial Digital Flexor
-Deep Digital Flexor
-Interosseus

Question 25

The Deep Digital Flexor passes through the

Answer 25

Manica Flexoria of the Superficial Digital Flexor

Question 26

Dorsal Hindpaw Muscles:

Answer 26

-Long Digital Extensor -Lateral Digital Extensor

Question 27

The Long Digital Extensor is located in the ___ while the Common Digital Extensor is located in the ____

Answer 27

Hindpaw; Forepaw

Question 28

Plantar Muscles:

Answer 28

-Superficial Digital Flexor -Deep Digital Flexor -Interosseus

Question 29

The Claw is made of:

Answer 29

-sensitive Laminar Dermis surrounding the distal phalynx -lateral and dorsal Wall -crumbly, white Sole on the ventral aspect

Question 30

The claw is extended by the action of the

Answer 30

Deep Digital Flexor