The Paw Flashcards
Digitigrade means
The carpus/tarsus do not touch the ground
3 types of pads
-Digital
-Metacarpal/Metatarsal
-Carpal (no Tarsal!)
Pads of the Paw are (5):
-thick, tough, densely cornified skin
-made of subcutaneous fibro-elastic tissue
-contain fat pad for shock absorption
-contain sweat glands
-absorb shock
Digital Pads (3)
-Digit I is not in contact with the ground, it may or may not have a pad
-Digits II-V touch the ground
-pad is under the Distal Interphalyngeal Joint
Metacarpal/Metatarsal Pads (3)
-large
-main weight bearing pad
-pad is under the Metacarpal/Metatarsal Phalyngeal Joint
Carpal Pad (3)
-only on the forelimb (ie. no Tarsal Pad exists)
-may contact ground during sprinting
-pad is under the Carpo-Metacarpal Joint
Label the three parts of the Pad (front and back paw):
Front Paw:
Pink - Carpal Pad
Red - Digital Pads
Blue - Metacarpal Pad
Back Paw:
Red - Digital Pads
Blue - Metatarsal Pad
*Tarsal Pad does not exist
The Long Axis of the paw
runs between Digits III-IV
Axial means
Towards the Long Axis of the paw
Abaxial means
Away from the Long Axis of the paw
There are __ arteries that go to the paw
4
The four main arteries of the paw are:
-Dorsal Common Digital Artery
-Palmar/Plantar Common Digital Artery
-Dorsal Metacarpal/tarsal Artery
-Palmar/Plantar Metacarpal/tarsal Artery
Arteries of the paw will further branch into:
-Axial Dorsal Proper Digital Artery
-Abaxial Dorsal Proper Digital Artery
-Axial Palmar/Plantar Proper Digital Artery
-Abaxial Palmar/Plantar Proper Digital Artery
Which blood vessel is deep to the Common Digital Arteries
Metacarpal/tarsal Artery
There are __ nerves to the paw
3
The 3 nerves to the fore paw are:
-Radial
-Median
-Ulnar
The 3 nerves to the hind paw are:
-Peroneal
-Saphenous
-Tibial
The dorsal surface of the fore paw is mainly innervated by the
Radial nerve
The Palmer surface is mainly innervated by the
-Median nerve (towards medial)
-Ulnar nerve (towards lateral)
The dorsal surface of the hind paw is mainly innervated by the
Peroneal Nerve
The Plantar surface is mainly innervated by the
Saphenous and Tibial Nerves
The Interosseus Muscle (5)
-lies between the Metacarpals and Deep Digital Flexor
-Originates at the Proximal Metacarpals
-Inserts at the Proximal Phalynx and Common Digital Extensor
-flexes digits
-retracts claws
Dorsal Forepaw Muscles:
-Common Digital Extensor
-Lateral Digital Extensor
Palmer Muscles:
-Superficial Digital Flexor
-Deep Digital Flexor
-Interosseus
The Deep Digital Flexor passes through the
Manica Flexoria of the Superficial Digital Flexor
Dorsal Hindpaw Muscles:
-Long Digital Extensor
-Lateral Digital Extensor
The Long Digital Extensor is located in the ___ while the Common Digital Extensor is located in the ____
Hindpaw; Forepaw
Plantar Muscles:
-Superficial Digital Flexor
-Deep Digital Flexor
-Interosseus
The Claw is made of:
-sensitive Laminar Dermis surrounding the distal phalynx
-lateral and dorsal Wall
-crumbly, white Sole on the ventral aspect
The claw is extended by the action of the
Deep Digital Flexor
