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VETS1021: Locomotion (Dog) > Hindlimb Muscles > Flashcards

Hindlimb Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

The hindlimb lacks

A

protractors and retractors

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2
Q

4 Flexors of the Hip

A

-Iliopsoas
-Rectus femoris
-Sartorius*
-Tensor Fascia Latae

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3
Q

The Iliopsoas muscle is a combination of two muscles:

A

-Iliacus
-Psoas Major

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4
Q

The major nerve for the cranial aspect of the thigh is the

A

Femoral Nerve

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5
Q

Iliopsoas (origin/insertion)

A

O:
L2-6 (Psoas Major)
Cranio-ventral ilium (iliacus)
I: Lesser Trochanter

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6
Q

Bony prominence in the front limb is called ___ while in the hind limb it’s called ___

A

Tubercle; Trochanter

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7
Q

Insertion for the Iliopsoas muscle is the

A

Lesser Trochanter

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8
Q

The iliacus and psoas major muscles together make up the

A

Iliopsoas

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9
Q

The Psoas Major muscle is a

A

Hypaxial muscle

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10
Q

What muscles are highlighted below? Together they make the ____

A

Yellow: Psoas Major
Red: Iliacus
Iliopsoas Muscle

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11
Q

The ___ head of the Quadriceps is the only one that connects to the hip

A

Rectus Femoris

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12
Q

Four Heads of the Quadriceps are:

A

-Rectus Femoris
-Lateral Vastus
-Medial Vastus
-Intermediate Vastus

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13
Q

Rectus Femoris of the Quadriceps is innervated by the

A

Femoral Nerve

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14
Q

Rectus Femoris (origin/insertion)

A

O: Tuberosity of Rectus Femoris
I: Patella and tibial tuberosity via patella ligament

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15
Q

The Tensor Fasciae Latae has

A

A Cranial and Caudal Head

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16
Q

Tensor Fasciae Latae (origin/insertion)

A

O: Tuber coxae
I: Fascia Latae

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17
Q

The superficial layer of thick fascia covering the quadriceps is the

A

Fascia Latae

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18
Q

Longest muscle in the body is the

A

Sartorius

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19
Q

Outward rotators will ____ the limb ____

A

turn; outwards

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20
Q

2 Outward Rotators:

A

-Internal Obturator
-External Obturator*

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21
Q

Which nerve innervates the Internal Obturator

A

Sciatic

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22
Q

A fan shaped muscle inside the pelvis

A

Internal Obturator

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23
Q

Internal Obturator (origin/insertion)

A

O: Dorsal ischium & pubis
I: Trochanteric Fossa

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24
Q

The Trochanteric Fossa is

A

a dip between the greater and lesser trochanter of the femur

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25
The Hamstring is comprised of
-Biceps Femoris -Semitendinosus -Semimembranosus
26
The Rectus Femoris, Lateral Vastus, Medial Vastus, and Intermediate Vastus make up the
Quadriceps
27
The Biceps Femoris, Semitendinosus, and Semimembranosus make up the
Hamstrings
28
5 Extensors of the Hip:
-Biceps Femoris -Semitendinosus -Semimembranosus -Gluteals (superficial*, middle, and deep*) -Gracilis
29
Three parts to the Gluteals are
-Superficial* -Middle (largest) -Deep*
30
What nerve innervates the Hamstring
Sciatic
31
Most medial Hamstring is the
Semimembranosus
32
All Hamstring muscles originate at the
Ischiatic Tuberosity
33
Biceps Femoris (origin/insertion)
O: Ischiatic Tuberosity I: Patella, Cranial Border of Tibia, and Calcaneus
34
Which Hamstring muscle has three insertions
Biceps Femoris
35
Semitendinosus (origin/insertion)
O: Ischiatic Tuberosity I: Medial Tibia and Calcaneus
36
Semimembranosus (origin/insertion)
O: Ischiatic Tuberosity I: Medial Femur and Tibia
37
A thick muscle that takes up majority of the Ilium
Middle Gluteal
38
Middle Gluteal (origin/insertion)
O: Crest and Lateral Ilium I: Greater Trochanter
39
Which muscle keeps the back legs together
Gracilis
40
What nerve innervates the Gracilis muscle
Obturator
41
Gracilis (origin/insertion)
O: Pelvic Symphysis I: Cranial border of Tibia and Calcaneus
42
Semitendinosus and Gracilis muscles are similar in that they
Both insert at the Tibia and Calcaneus
43
Extensors of the Stifle work to
straighten your knee
44
4 Extensors of the Stifle:
-Biceps Femoris -Quadriceps Femoris (rectus femoris, lateral/medial/intermediate vastus) -Tensor Fasciae Latae -Sartorius*
45
The Sartorius muscle inserts at the
Patella
46
Nerve that innervates ALL Quadriceps Femoris muscles is the
Femoral Nerve
47
ALL Quadriceps Femoris muscles
insert at the Patella / Tibial Tuberosity
48
The Lateral Vastus, Medial Vastus, and Intermediate Vastus
Originate at the Proximal Femur and Insert at the Patella / Tibial Tuberosity
49
Rectus Femoris (1) (origin/insertion)
-part of quadriceps O: Tuberosity of Rectus Femoris I: Patella / Tibial Tuberosity
50
What are the muscles highlighted below? What do they make up?
Yellow (1): Lateral Vastus Green (2): Medial Vastus Orange (3): Intermediate Vastus Pink (4): Rectus Femoris Quadriceps Femoris
51
List the muscles highlighted below (Medial View of Stifle):
Red: Gracilis Pink: Semimembranosus Green: Semitendinosus Orange: Sartorius (cranial and caudal) Yellow: Medial Vastus Blue: Rectus Femoris
52
Flexors of the stifle work to
bring the tibia/fibula caudally to the femur
53
4 Flexors of the Stifle
-Gastrocnemius -Popliteus* -Superficial Digital Flexor -Hamstrings (Biceps Femoris, Semitendinosus, Semimembranosus)
54
Nerve that innervates the muscles of the caudal aspect of lower limb
Tibial Nerve
55
The Common Calcaneal Tendon is also called
Achilles Tendon
56
Your calf muscle is the
Gastrocnemius
57
Gastrocnemius is innervated by the ___ nerve
Tibial
58
Gastrocnemius (1) (origin/insertion)
-has two heads O: Lateral and Medial Supracondylar Tuberosity I: Tuber Calcis (ie. common calcaneal tendon)
59
The Achilles Tendon is formally called the
Common Calcaneal Tendon
60
What muscle is deep to Gastrocnemius
Superficial Digital Flexor
61
What nerve innervates the Superficial Digital Flexor
Tibial
62
Superficial Digital Flexor (origin/insertion)
O: Lateral Supracondylar Tuberosity I: Tuber calcis and Middle Phalanges II-V
63
The Tuber Calcis is the
main component of the Common Calcaneal Tendon (Achilles Tendon)
64
Hamstring flexors are the
-Semitendinosus -Semimembranosus
65
Which Hamstring can extend and flex
Biceps Femoris
66
The hock is formally called
The Tarsus
67
Flexors of the tarsus also
Extend the Digits
68
3 Flexors of the Hock (Tarsus)
-Long Digital Extensor -Cranial Tibial -Peroneus Longus*
69
Which hindlimb muscle is analogous to the forelimb's Common Digital Extensor
Long Digital Extensor
70
Which forelimb muscle is analogous to the hindlimb's Long Digital Extensor
Common Digital Extensor
71
The Peroneal nerve (2)
-branches off the Sciatic nerve -innervates cranial hindlimb muscles
72
Long Digital Extensor (origin/insertion)
O: Lateral epicondyle of femur I: Distal Phalanx II-V
73
The largest FLEXOR of the tarsus is
Cranial Tibal
74
What nerve innervates the Cranial Tibial
Peroneal Nerve
75
Cranial Tibial (origin/insertion)
O: Cranial border of tibia I: Proximal metatarsal II
76
Extensors of the digits also
Flex the Tarsus (hock)
77
Which nerve innervates the Long Digital Extensor
Peroneal
78
2 Extensors of the Digits
-Long Digital Extensor -Lateral Digital Extensor*
79
Extensors of the Tarsus work to
point your toes
80
5 Extensors of the Tarsus:
-Biceps Femoris -Semitendinosus -Gracilis -Gastrocnemius -Superficial Digital Flexor
81
4 Flexors of the Digits:
-Superficial Digital Flexor -Deep Digital Flexor -Interosseous -Interflexorius*
82
The Deep Digital Flexor is actually
Two muscles: -Lateral Flexor -Medial Flexor
83
Deep Digital Flexor (origin/insertion)
O: Proximal Caudal Tibia and Fibula I: Distal Phalanx II-V
84
What nerve innervates the Deep Digital Flexor
Tibial
85
The peroneal nerve innervates (2)
-Long Digital Extensor -Cranial Tibial
86
The tibial nerve innervates (3)
-Gastrocnemius -Superficial Digital Flexor -Deep Digital Flexor
87
The femoral nerve innervates (2)
-iliacus of the Iliopsoas -Quadriceps Femoris (rectus femoris, lateral/medial/intermediate vastus)
88
The obturator nerve innervates (2)
-Gracilis -The Adductor
89
5 Adductors of the Hindlimb:
-Sartorius* -Gracilis -Adductor Magnus et Brevis -Adductor Longus* -Pectineus*
90
The "Adductor" is
Adductor Magnus et Brevis and Adductor Longus*
91
The pectineus muscle is a
fusiform muscle
92
What nerve innervates the adductor
Obturator Nerve
93
A short, wide, and thick muscle of the hindlimb is the
Adductor
94
The Adductor (origin/insertion)
O: Pelvic Symphysis and Ischium I: Caudal Femur

VETS1021: Locomotion (Dog) (9 decks)

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