The Pathology of the Endocrine System

Question 1

Define Hyperplasia

Answer 1

Increased number and secretory activity of cells

Question 2

Define atrophy

Answer 2

Diminution of cells due to lack of stimulation

Question 3

What can cause tissue damage?

Answer 3

Inflammation, autoimmune, disease, compression, trauma, infarction

Question 4

What do the epithelium cells of the thyroid do?

Answer 4

synthesise TG, iodination, resorption, release of T3 and T4

Question 5

What do C-Cells secrete?

Answer 5

Calcitonin

Question 6

What does colloid contain?

Answer 6

Thyroglobulin

Question 7

What is typical of the histology of hashimoto’s disease?

Answer 7

Hurthle Cell Change, Intense infiltrate of plasma cells, lymphocytes

Question 8

What does the histology of a goitre look like?

Answer 8

Clusters of follicular epithelial cells with a background of colloid

Question 9

How does follicular carcinoma present histologically?

Answer 9

Tumour cell bursting through capsule

Question 10

How does papillary carcinoma present histologically?

Answer 10

papillary projections, empty nuclei, psammoma bodies, may be cystic

Question 11

How does the pituitary present histologically?

Answer 11

ACIDOPHILS are Pink (GH and PRL), BASOPHILS are Purple (ACTH, TSH, LH, FSH), CHROMOPHOBES are pale