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SP16 - Anatomy, Exam 2 > The Orbit and Eye > Flashcards

The Orbit and Eye Flashcards

1
Q

Membrane that lines the inner eyelid

A

Palpebral conjuctiva

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2
Q

What is the bulbar conjuctiva?

A

Membrane that lines the surface of the eye

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3
Q

This is a potential space between the palpebral and bulbar conjuctiva

A

Conjunctival sac

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4
Q

Whatare is the fornices?

A

Conjunctival reflections from eyelid to the eye

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5
Q

What are the tarsal glands?

A

Special kind of sebaceous glands at the rim of the eyelids that are responsible for keeping the eyes moist

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6
Q

What is the orbital septum?

A

A membranous sheet that acts as the anterior boundary of the orbit. It extends from the orbital rims to the eyelids. It forms the fibrous portion of the eyelids.

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7
Q

What are the eyelids of the eye called?

A

Superior and inferior tarsus

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8
Q

This connects the lateral angles of the superior and inferior tarsi to the zygomatic bone

A

Lateral palpebral ligament

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9
Q

Where does the medial palpebral ligament attach?

A

Anterior lacrimal crest

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10
Q

Bones that make up the medial wall of the orbit

A 
Frontal
Lacrimal
Sphenoid
Ethmoid
Maxilla
palatine
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11
Q

What bones make up the floor of the orbit?

A

Maxillary

Zygomatic

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12
Q

What bones make up the posterior wall of the orbit?

A

Frontal
Zygomatic
Sphenoid

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13
Q

What bone makes up the roof of the orbit?

A

Frontal

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14
Q

Where does the optic canal open up into the orbit?

A

Greater wing of sphenoid

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15
Q

The sperior orbital fissure is part of what bone?

A

Sphenoid

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16
Q

The inferior orbital fissure is part of what bones?

A

Sphenoid

Maxillae

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17
Q

The infraorbital foramen is in what bone?

A

Maxillae

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18
Q

What foramen is found in the frontal portion of teh orbit?

A

Supraorbital

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19
Q

What structures are found in the optic canal?

A

CN II

Opthalmic a.

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20
Q

What structures are found in the superior orbital fissure?

A

CN II, IV, V1, VI

Opthalmic vv.

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21
Q

What structures are found in the supraorbital notch/foramen?

A

Supraorbital n. and a.

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22
Q

What structures are found in the inferior orbital fissure?

A

Infraorbital n.

Zygomatic n. and a.

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23
Q

What structures are found in the infraorbital foramen?

A

Infraorbital n. and a.

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24
Q

The ethmoidal n. is a branch of what nerve?

A

CN V1

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25
Q

What muscles of the eye are innervated by CN III?

A 
Levator palpebrae superioris
Inferior oblique
Superior rectus
Middle rectus
Inferior rectus
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26
Q

What innervates the lateral rectus muscle?

A

Abducent nerve (CN VI)

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27
Q

What eye muscle does the trochlear nerve innervate?

A

Superior oblique

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28
Q

What does the lacrimal nerve innervate?

A

The lacrimal gland and gives off branches to the conjunctiva and skin of the superior eyelid

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29
Q

This branch of CN V1 provides sensory innervation to the superior eyelid, scalp, and forehead

A

Frontal n

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30
Q

This is the sensory nerve to the eyeball

A

Nasociliary n.

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31
Q

Branch of the nasociliary n. supplies the eyelids, conjunctiva, and lacrimal sac

A

Infratrochlear n.

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32
Q

Sensory nerve that transmits impulses from the retina to the brain

A

CN II

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33
Q

Artery and vein that starts at the ophthalmic artery and exits the orbit at the supraorbital notch to supply the forehead and scalp

A

Supraorbital a. and v.

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34
Q

Where does the infraorbital artery run?

A

From the maxillary artery along the infraorbital groove and out to the face

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35
Q

Nerve that carries sensory fibers from the skin and parasympathetic fibers to the lacrimal nerve

A

Zygomatic n.

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36
Q

What are the two branches of the zygomatic nerve?

A

Zygomaticotemporal nerve

Zygomaticofacial nerve

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37
Q

The zygomatic nerve is a branch of this nerve

A

CN V2

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38
Q

What does the infraorbital nerve innervate?

A

Lower eyelid
Upper lip
Part of the nasal vestibule

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39
Q

What nerve supplies the ethmoidal air sacs?

40
Q

Branch of the ethmoidal n. that provides sensory branches to the nasal cavity

A

Anterior ethmoidal n.

41
Q

Thin middle layer of ciliary aa and vorticose vv

42
Q

What is the ciliary body?

A

Smooth muscle around the lens for accommodation.

43
Q

This is the smooth muscle behind the cornea that controls pupil size

44
Q

What does the pupil do?

A

Aperture that adjust the amount of light that enters the eye

45
Q

Muscle of the iris that is sympathetic

A

Dilator pupilae

46
Q

Muscle of the iris that is parasympathetic

A

Sphincter pupilae

47
Q

What is the retina?

A

Natural layer of the eye which receives light rays

48
Q

Oval region of the retina for visual acuity

A

Macula lutea

49
Q

The macula lutea is only visible under this type of light

50
Q

What is the fovea centralis?

A

Most acute vision site at center of the macula

51
Q

The region where CN II and retinal vessels enter/exit

A

Optic disc

52
Q

What is the cornea responsible for?

A

Refraction of light in the eye

53
Q

This focuses light rays and near or distant objects on the retina

54
Q

What is the aqueous humor?

A

Watery filling anterior to the lens

55
Q

The gelatinous filling posterior to the lens

A

Vitreous humor

56
Q

This produces tears

A

Lacrimal gland

57
Q

What does the lacrimal canaliculi do?

A

It transports tears to the lacrimal sac

58
Q

This drains tears to the nasolacrimal duct

A

Lacrimal sac

59
Q

What does the nasolacrimal duct do?

A

Drains tears thru the nasolacrimal canal

60
Q

Where is the nasolacrimal canal located?

A

Under inferior nasal concha

61
Q

What is the action of the levator palpebrae superioris m.?

A

Raises upper eyelid

62
Q

What muscle elevates and adducts the eye?

A

Superior rectus m.

63
Q

What is the action of the inferior rectus m.?

A

Depress and adduct eye

64
Q

What is the action of the lateral rectus m.?

A

Abducts eye

65
Q

What is the action of the medial rectus m.?

A

Adducts eye

66
Q

What muscle depresses and abducts the eye?

A

Superior oblique

67
Q

What muscle elevates and abducts the eye?

A

Inferior oblique

68
Q

Nerve fibers found between the eye and optic chiasm

69
Q

X-shaped intermingling of nerve fibers

A

Optic chiasm

70
Q

Nerve fibers from the optic chiasm to the brain

A

Optic tract

71
Q

What are the two visual fields?

A

Temporal

Nasal

72
Q

Visual field that crosses over the chiasm

73
Q

Visual field that remains ipsilateral

74
Q

Lesion that results in total blindness in affected eye

A

Optin n. lesion

75
Q

An optic chiasm lesion results in this

A

Loss of peripheral vision

76
Q

An optic tract lesion results in this

A

Ipsilateral nasal visual field loss and contralateral temporal visual field loss

77
Q

This receives parasympathetic synapses from CN III

A

Ciliary ganglion

78
Q

The ciliary ganglion sends these nerves to the posterior eye

A

Short ciliary nn.

79
Q

The ciliary ganglion supplies parasympathetics to these muscles

A

Ciliary m.

Pupilliary sphincter m.

80
Q

If there is a CN III parasympathetic lesion , this happens to the pupil when lit with a pen light

A

Remains dilated

81
Q

Three divisions of CN V1

A

Nasociliary n.
Frontal n.
Lacrimal n.

82
Q

Branches of the nasociliary n.

A

Ethmoidal n.
Infratrochlear n.
Long ciliary nn.

83
Q

Branches of the frontal n.

A

Supraorbital n.

Supratrochlear n.

84
Q

What does the lacrimal nerve innervate?

A

Lacrimal gland

Conjunctiva

85
Q

Artery that gives rise to all aa. of the eye

A

Opthalmic a.

86
Q

What does the posterior ciliary aa supply?

A

Outer and middle layers of the eye

87
Q

This a. supplies the inner layer of the retina

A

Central retinal a

88
Q

What does the ethmoidal aa supply?

A

Anteriot cranial fossa
Nose
Sinuses

89
Q

This artery supplies the central region of the forehead

A

Supraorbital a.

90
Q

What does the supratrochlear a. supply?

A

Medial region of the forehead

91
Q

The lacrimal gland anastomoses with this artery

A

Middle miningeal a.

92
Q

Veins that drain from the upper and lower medial orbit

A

Superior and inferior opthalmic vv.

93
Q

The upper and lower opthalmic vv. anastomose with this vein.

94
Q

Vein the runs from the retina and drains to the cavernous sinus

A

Central retinal vein

95
Q

What do the vorticose vv. come from

A

Vascular layer of eye

96
Q

The vorticose vein drains to these veins

A

Superior and inferior opthalmin vv.

SP16 - Anatomy, Exam 2 (11 decks)

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