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SP16 - Anatomy, Exam 2 > Gross Brain, Meninges, Dural Sinuses and Cranial Fossae > Flashcards

Gross Brain, Meninges, Dural Sinuses and Cranial Fossae Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three main functions of the brain?

A

Stimulate movement
Maintain homeostasis
Produce thought

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2
Q

What sulcus is located between the frontal and parietal lobes?

A

Central sulcus

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3
Q

Where is the lateral fissure located?

A

Between the temporal and frontal lobes?

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4
Q

What fissure separates the two cerebral hemispheres?

A

Longitudinal

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5
Q

This lobe is associated with motor and personality

A

Frontal

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6
Q

The parietal lobe is associated with what functions?

A

Sensory

Integration

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7
Q

What lobe is considered the visual area of the brain?

A

Occipital

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8
Q

What functions is the temporal lobe associated with?

A

Auditory
Speech
Olfactory
Memory

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9
Q

This area of the brain is associated with fine motor coordination

A

Cerebellum

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10
Q

Where are the cranial nerves located in the brain?

A

Pons

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11
Q

What are the functions of the medulla oblongata?

A

Blood pressure

Respiration

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12
Q

What fibers connect the cerebral hemispheres?

A

Corpus callosum

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13
Q

What is the function of the thalamus?

A

Relay station for all senses, except olfaction

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14
Q

What is the center for the autonomic and endocrine functions?

A

Hypothalamus

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15
Q

What is the function of the pituitary gland?

A

Homeostasis

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16
Q

Where is the sleep-wake cycle regulated in the brain?

A

Pineal gland

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17
Q

These are nuclei related to emotions

A

Mammillary bodies

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18
Q

What bones are part of the anterior cranial fossa?

A

Frontal
Ethmoid
Sphenoid

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19
Q

What cranial nerve is found in the anterior cranial fossa?

A

CN I

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20
Q

What bones are part of the middle cranial fossa?

A

Sphenoid
Temporal
Parietal

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21
Q

What nerves are found in the middle cranial fossa?

A 
CN II
CN III
CN IV
CN V
CN VI
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22
Q

What gland is found n the middle cranial fossa?

A

Pituitary

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23
Q

What bones make up the posterior cranial fossa?

A

Temporal
Pearietal
Occipital

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24
Q

What nerves are found in the posterior cranial fossa?

A 
CN VII
CN VIII
CN IX
CN X
CN XI
CN XII
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25
Q

Which cranial nerves have parasympathetic ganglia?

A

CN V
CN VII
CN IX
CN X

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26
Q

What is the name of CN V ganglion?

A

Trigeminal

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27
Q

What is the name of CN VII ganglion?

A

Geniculate

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28
Q

What is the name of the IX ganglions?

A

Superior and Inferior ganglia of the glossopharyngeal nerve

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29
Q

What is the name of CN X ganglion?

A

Nodose

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30
Q

What structures pass through the supraorbital foramen?

A

Supraorbital a., v. and n.

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31
Q

Where is the foramen cecum located?

A

Anterior cranial fossa, frontal bone

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32
Q

What foramen do the emissary veins to the superior sagittal sinus pass through?

A

Foramen cecum

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33
Q

Where do the olfactory nerve bundles enter the cranium?

A

Foramina of the cribriform plate

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34
Q

What structures pass through the anterior and posterior ethmoidal foramina?

A

Anterior and posterior ethmoidal a., v. and n., respectively

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35
Q

What bone is the optic canal located in?

A

Sphenoid

36
Q

What structures pass through the optic canal?

A

Opthalmic a.

Optic n.

37
Q

What structures pass through the lateral part of the superior orbital fissure?

A 
Lacrimal n.
Frontal n.
Trochlear n.
Meningeal branch of the lacrimal artery
Anastomotic branch of middle meningeal artery
38
Q

What structures pass through the middle part of the superior orbital fissure?

A

Upper and lower divisions of CN III
Nasociliary nerve
CN VI

39
Q

What structures pass through the medial part of the superior orbital fissure?

A

Superior opthalmic v.

Sympathetic nerves

40
Q

What passes through the foramen rotundum?

A

Maxillary nerve, CN V2

41
Q

What structures pass through the incisive foramen and canals?

A

Sphenopalatine a.

Nasopalatine n., CN V2

42
Q

The greater palatine n, a, and v pass through what foramen?

A

Greater palatine foramen

43
Q

The lesser palatine has what structures pass through it?

A

Lesser palatine n., a., and v.

44
Q

What structures pass through the inferior orbtal fissure?

A 
Inferior opthalmic v.
Infraorbital a., and v.
Zygomatic nerve
Infraorbital n., CN V2
Orbital branches of the pterygopalatine ganglion
45
Q

What passes through the infraorbital foramen?

A

Infraorbital v., a., and n.

46
Q

What structures pass through the foramen ovale?

A

Accessory meningeal a.
Mandibular n., CN V3
Lesser petrosal nerve

47
Q

What structures pass through foramen spinosum?

A

Middle meningeal a.

Meningeal branch of CN V3

48
Q

What structures pass through foramen lacerum?

A

A. and n. of pterygoid canal

49
Q

What structure travels above foramen lacerum?

A

Internal carotid artery

50
Q

What structures pass throughthe internal acoustic meatus?

A

Labyrinthine a.
CN VII
CN VIII

51
Q

What structures pass through the jugular foramen?

A 
Inferior petrosal sinus
Sigmoid sinus
CN IX
CN X
CN XI
52
Q

Where is the hypoglossal canal located?

A

Inferior to the occipital condyles

53
Q

What passes through the foramen magnum?

A

Anterior and posterior spinal aa.
Vertebral a.
Medulla

54
Q

What structures pass through the stlomastiod foramen?

A

Stylomastoid a.

Facial n.

55
Q

These drain CSF into the venous system

A

Arachnid granulations

56
Q

Where is the falx cerebri located?

A

Between the cerebral hemispheres

57
Q

This is located between the two cerebellar hemispheres

A

Falx cerebelli

58
Q

Where is the tentorium cerebelli located?

A

Between the cerebellum and the inferior portion of the occipital lobe

59
Q

Where is the diaphragma sellae located?

A

Above the sella turcica and forms the roof over the hypophyseal fossa

60
Q

What does the facial v. anastamose with?

A

Opthalmic v.

61
Q

What two structures pass through the cavernous sinus?

A

Internal carotid a.

CN VI

62
Q

What nerves are sheathed in thelateral wall of the cavernous sinus?

A

CN III, IV, V1, V2

63
Q

An arteriovenous fistula may result from this rupturing in the cavernous sinus

A

Internal carotid a.

64
Q

Thin non-vascular membrane that loosely surrounds the brain

A

Arachnoid mater

65
Q

Where CSF is found in the brain

A

Subarachnoid space

66
Q

What blood vessels are found in the subarachnoid space?

A

Cerebral and cerebellar

67
Q

Delicate membrane that surrounds the brain

A

Pia mater

68
Q

The middle meningeal aa. are branches of this artery

A

Mixillary a.

69
Q

Where do the middle meningeal v. drain to?

A

Pterygoid plexus

70
Q

What do the middle meningeal vessels supply?

A

Dura mater and skull

71
Q

Tearing of this artery leads to epidural heatomas

A

Middle meningeal a.

72
Q

Fractures through this portion of the skull commonly produce tearing of the anterior branch of the middle meningeal artey

A

Pterion

73
Q

Rupture of this vein produces subdural hematoma

A

Cerebral v.

74
Q

These structures limit hemorrhages in the subdural space

A

Falx cerebri

Tentorium cerebelli

75
Q

Two main sources of blood to the brain

A

Internal carotid system

Vertebrobasilar system

76
Q

The internal carotid artery supply these area of the brain

A

Anterior and middle brain

77
Q

This artery forms the basilar a.

A

Vertebral a.

78
Q

What part of the brain does the vertebral a. supply?

A

Posterior

79
Q

What are the internal carotid artery branches?

A

Opthalmic aa.

Posterior communicating aa.

80
Q

What are the branches of the basilar artery?

A

Inferior cerebellar aa.
Labyrinthine aa.
Pontine aa.
Superior cerbellar aa.

81
Q

The anterio cerebral aa supply what parts of the brain?

A

Anterior/medial cerebrum

82
Q

What arteries supply the anterior/lateral cerebrum?

A

Middle cerebral aa.

83
Q

What does the posterior cerebral aa. supply?

A

Posterior/inferior cerebrum

84
Q

What arteries supply the superior cerebellum?

A

Superior cerebellar aa.

85
Q

What supplies the anterior/inferior cerebellum?

A

Anterior inferior cerebellar aa.

86
Q

What does the posterior inferior cerebellar aa. supply?

A

Posterior/inferior cerebellum

SP16 - Anatomy, Exam 2 (11 decks)

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