Craniovertebral Joints and Prevertebral Region Flashcards
What does the atlanto-occipital joint do?
Contributes to nodding motion
Allows for tilting of head side to side
What does the atlanto-axial joint do?
Contributes to notation movement
The atlanto-occipital and atlanto-axial joint are both this kind of joint
Synovial joint with no discs
The cranial vault is lined with this
Periosteal dura mater
What is the tectorial membrane?:
Superior extension of the posterior longitudinal ligament
This attaches to base of occipital bone superiorly at margin of foramen magnum
Anterior atlanto-occipital ligament
The anterior atlanto-occipital ligament is an extension of this ligament
Anterior longitudinal ligament
Where is the posterior atlanto occipital membrane found?
Between atlas and occipital bone
This is the uppermost extent of the ligamentum flavum
Posterior atlanto-occipital ligament
What does the transverse ligament of the atlas do?
Holds dens of axis tightly to the anterior arch of the atlas
What forms the cruciform ligament?
Transverse ligament of the atlas
Superior longitudinal band
Infertior longitudinal band
Where does the superior longitudinal band attach?
Foramen magnum base
Where does the inferior longitudinal band attach?
Dens of C2 posteriorly
Where are the alar ligaments located?
Extend from dens to medial portions of occipital condyles
What is the action of the alar ligament?
Check lateral rotation of skull/head
Slender band that ascends from the apex of dens
Apical ligament of the dens
Where is the apical ligament of the dens located?
Deep to superior longitudinal band of curciform ligament
Structures that emerge from the jugular foramen
Internal jugular v.
CN IX, X, XI
Where does CN VII emerge
Stylomastoid foramen
This emerges from the hypoglossal canal
CN XII
The pharynx hangs from this
Pharyngeal tubercle
Where is the carotid sheath located?
Lateral and posterolateral to pharynx
Where is the sympathetic trunk located?
Posteromedial to carotid sheath
These cranial nerves each give rise to superior and inferior ganglia
CN IX and X
The sympathetic trunk gives rise to this
Superior cervical ganglia
The glossopharyngeal n. travels with this muscle and innervates it
Stylopharyngeus m.
Nerve that descends to the pharynx and back of tongue
Glossopharyngeal n.
Two branches of the vagus n. at base of skull
Pharyngeal n.
Superior laryngeal n.
This is formed by a union of pharyngeal branches of CN IX ana X
Pharyngeal plexus of nerves
Cranial nerve that primarily supplies sensory fibers to the pharyngeal plexus
CN IX
What innervates the stylopharyngeus m.?
CN IX
CN X carries these type of nerves to most pharyngeal mm.
Motor
Parasympathetic
What does the accessory nerve supply?
Sternocleidomastoid m.
Trapezius m.
What triangle does the hypoglossal n. run in?
Submandibular triangle
What does the hypoglossal n. supply?
Tongue
Cervical nerves that form the cervical plexus
C1-C4
Cervical nerves C3-C5 form these nerves
Phrenic nn.
Cervical nerves C5-C8 form this
Brachial plexus
Vertebral a. arises from this a.
Subclavian a.
Where does the vertebral ve. drain?
Brachiocephalic v.
Two divisions of the pharyngeal plexus of veins
External plexus
Internal plexus
Where does the external plexus form?
Outside of pharyngobasilar fascia
Where is the internal plexus located?
Between pharyngobasilar fascia and constrictor mm.
