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the orbit Flashcards

1
Q

the optic canal is considered what part of the orbit?

A

apex

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2
Q

the orbital margin makes up the ____ of the bony orbit

A

base

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3
Q

transmits CN II and ophthalmic artery

A

optic canal

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4
Q

the superior wall of the orbit is made up by _____ and _____

A

orbital part of frontal bone
lesser wing of sphenoid bone

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5
Q

the superior wall of the orbit contains ____ and _____

A

supraorbital notch
lacrimal fossa

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6
Q

transmits supraorbital nerve and the supraorbital artery

A

supraorbital notch

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7
Q

the medial wall of the orbit is formed by ____

A

orbital plate of ethmoid bone

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8
Q

the medial wall has contributions from ___, ____, and ____

A

maxilla
sphenoid
lacrimal

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9
Q

the medial wall contains ____, _____, _____, and ____

A

lacrimal groove/sac
anterior/posterior ethmoidal foramen
trochlea
nasolacrimal canal

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10
Q

transmits nerves and vessels to the nasal cavity and the sphenoid and ethmoid sinuses

A

anterior/posterior ethmoidal foramen

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11
Q

drains tears from the eye to the inferior meatus in the nasal cavity

A

nasolacrimal canal

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12
Q

inferior wall of the orbit is formed by ____

A

maxilla

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13
Q

inferior wall has contributions from _____ and _____

A

zygomatic
palatine

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14
Q

the inferior wall separates orbit and _____

A

maxillary sinuses

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15
Q

inferior wall contains ____ and _____

A

inferior orbital fissure
infra-orbital foramen

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16
Q

communicates with the IT and pterygopalatine fossae, transmits CN V2 and infraorbital vein, zygomatic nerve and inferior ophthalmic vein

A

inferior orbital fissure

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17
Q

the inferior orbital fissure is between what two walls?

A

inferior and lateral

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18
Q

transmits infraorbital nerve and vessels to the maxillary region of face

A

infraorbital foramen

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19
Q

the lateral wall of the orbit is formed by _____ and _____

A

frontal process of zygomatic
greater wing of sphenoid

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20
Q

the lateral wall separates the orbit from ____ and ____

A

temporal fossa
middle cranial fossa

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21
Q

opening between greater and lesser wings of sphenoid

A

superior orbital fissure

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22
Q

transmits CN III, CN IV, CN V1 with branches lacrimal, nasociliary and frontal, and CN VI and ophthalmic veins

A

superior orbital fissure

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23
Q

fractures of the medial wall may involve what two sinuses?

A

ethmoidal and sphenoidal

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24
Q

fractures of the inferior wall may involve what sinus?

A

maxillary

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25
indirect trauma that displaces the orbital walls
blowout fracture of the orbit
26
intra-orbital bleeding may cause _____
exophthalmos
27
where is the lacrimal gland located?
superolateral orbit
28
tears spread evenly through blinking in ___ to ___ direction
lateral medial
29
tears drain via the _____ into the _____
nasolacrimal duct inferior nasal meatus of the nasal cavity
30
_____ + _____ + _____ deliver presynaptic parasympathetic fibers to the _____ ganglion where they synapse then postsynaptic ______ and ____ innervate the lacrimal gland
facial nerve greater petrosal nerve nerve to pterygoid canal pterygopalatine zygomatic lacrimal
31
______ and _____ join forming nerve of pterygoid canal
sympathetic from superior cervical ganglion deep petrosal nerve
32
elevates eyelid
levator palpebrae superioris muscle
33
levator palpebrae superioris is innervation
CN III
34
help keep eyelid elevated
superior tarsal muscle
35
superior tarsal innervation
sympathetic from T1
36
loss of what two muscles results in ptosis?
levator palpebrae superioris superior tarsal
37
what are the layers of the eyeball?
sclera/cornea choroid retina
38
dense attachment for muscles that move the eyeball
sclera
39
clear area anterior to the iris that refracts incoming light
cornea
40
cornea sensory innervation
nasociliary (V1)
41
smooth muscles anteriorly and lots of blood vessels posteriorly
choroid
42
contraction changes shape of lens
ciliary muscles
43
ciliary muscle inenrvation
CN III parasympathetic
44
innervated by the parasympathetic fibers makes the pupil smaller
pupillary sphincter
45
pupillary sphincter preganglionic fibers from CN III synapse in _____
ciliary ganglion
46
change amount of light allowed into the eye
pupil dilator muscles
47
pupil dilator muscle innervation
T1 sympathetic fibers that synapse in superior cervical ganglion
48
extension of optic nerve that contains cells sensing light and transmitting information to the brain
retina
49
regulates the intensity of light entering the eye by controlling the diameter of the pupil
pupillary reflex
50
greater intensity of light causes the pupil to _____
constrict
51
detects the incoming light
sensory limb of CN II
52
visceral motor response by constricting the pupil
CN III
53
loss of sympathetic supply that results in ptosis, flushing, anhidrosis and miosis
Horner's syndrome
54
abduction away from the nose
lateral rectus muscle
55
lateral rectus innervation
CN IV
56
adduction toward the nose
medial rectus muscle
57
medial rectus innervation
CN III
58
elevates and adducts the eye
superior rectus muscle
59
superior rectus muscle innervation
CN III
60
elevates and abducts the eye
inferior oblique muscle
61
inferior oblique innervation
CN III
62
depresses and abducts the eye
superior oblique muscle
63
superior oblique innervation
CN IV
64
depresses and adducts the eye
inferior rectus muscle
65
inferior rectus innervation
CN III
66
to test superior rectus, have the patient look ____ then will produce ____ only
laterally (abduct) elevation
67
to test inferior oblique, have the patient look _____ then produce ____ only
medially (adduct) elevation
68
to test superior oblique, have the patient look _____ then will produce _____ only
medially (adduct) depression
69
to test inferior rectus have the patient look ____ then will produce _____ only
laterally (abduct) depression
70
in CN III palsy the affected eye deviates to the ____ and _____ position
abducted depressed
71
CN III palsy symptoms
fixed, dilated pupil loss of accommodation ptosis
72
palsy to this nerve causes double vision due to unopposed upward and inward movements
trochlear nerve (CN IV)
73
palsy to this nerve causes double vision due to unopposed action of the medial rectus muscle
abducens (CN VI)
74
central retinal vein drains directly to _____
cavernous sinus
75
inferior ophthalmic vein may drain to ____
pterygoid plexus
76
ophthalmic veins communicate with ____ and ____ veins anteriorly
facial supra-orbital

GRDA (13 decks)

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