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GRDA > oral cavity > Flashcards

oral cavity Flashcards

1
Q

roof of oral cavity

A

hard and soft palate

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2
Q

floor of oral cavity

A

muscular diaphragm and tongue

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3
Q

slit-like space between the teeth/gums and the lips/cheeks

A

oral vestibule

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4
Q

enclosed by the dental arches

A

oral cavity proper

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5
Q

function of teeth

A

incise (cut), reduce, and mix food material with saliva during mastication
participate in articulation

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6
Q

innervation of teeth

A

CN V2: maxillary teeth
CN V3: mandibular teeth

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7
Q

blood supply of teeth

A

maxillary a.

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8
Q

describe the hard palate

A

formed by palatine processes of maxillae bones and horizontal plates of palatine bones

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9
Q

function of the soft palate

A

flutter valve: elevate to seal off the nasopharynx from the oropharynx and depress to seal off the oral cavity from the oropharynx

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10
Q

general sensation of the palate

A

CN V3

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11
Q

function of the tensor veli palatini

A

tenses soft palate
opens auditory tube when swallowing

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12
Q

innervation of tensor veli palatini

A

CN V3

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13
Q

function of salpingopharyngeus

A

elevates pahrynx

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14
Q

innervation of salpingopharyngeus

A

CN X

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15
Q

function of levator veli palatini

A

elevate soft palate above the neutral position

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16
Q

innervation of levator veli palatini

A

CN X

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17
Q

function of palatoglossus

A

depresses palate and elevates back of tongue

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18
Q

function of palato-pharyngeus

A

depresses palate and elevates pharynx

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19
Q

innervation of palatoglossus and palatopharyngeus

A

CN X

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20
Q

function of mylohyoid

A

elevates the floor of the mouth and elevates hyoid bone

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21
Q

innervation of mylohyoid

A

CN V3

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22
Q

function of geniohyoid

A

if mandible is fixed: elevates and pulls hyoid bone anteriorly
if hyoid is fixed: pulls mandible downward and inward

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23
Q

innervation of geniohyoid

A

anterior ramus of C1

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24
Q

describe the terminal sulcus

A

v shaped groove characteristic of dorsum of tongue
angle points posteriorly to foramen cecum

25
Q

inferior surface of tongue is connected to floor of the mouth by midline fold

A

frenulum

26
Q

present on each side at the base of the frenulum where the submandibular duct opens into the oral cavity

A

sublingual carunles

27
Q

veins of the tongue

A

dorsal lingual vein (accompany lingual a.)
deep lingual veins (run posteriorly to join sublingual vein)

28
Q

general sensation and taste of anterior 2/3 of tongue

A

general sensation: V3 via lingual n.
taste: CN VII via chordae tympani

29
Q

general sensation and taste of posterior 1/3 of tongue

A

CN IX with small area innervated by CN X (internal laryngeal branch)

30
Q

motor control of the tongue

A

CN XII except palatoglossus (CN X)

31
Q

describe the extrinsic muscles of the tongue

A

genioglossus: protrudes tongue (CN XII)
hypoglossus: depresses tongue (CN XII)
styloglossus: elevates and retracts tongue (CN XII)
palatoglossus: elevates tongue and depresses soft palate (CN X)

32
Q

primary blood supply of the tongue

A

lingual a.

33
Q

blood supply of the palate

A

greater and lesser palatine a. (branches of maxillary a.)

34
Q

describe the lymphatic drainage of the tongue

A

root of tongue: bilaterally into superior deep cervical nodes
medial part of body: bilaterally into inferior deep cervical nodes
right and left lateral parts of body: ipsilateral submandibular nodes
apex and frenulum: submental nodes

35
Q

describe the submandibular gland

A

wraps around posterior aspect of mylohyoid m.
duct runs anteriorly with lingual n. passing under it

36
Q

describe the sublingual gland

A

smallest most deeply situated
lie in floor of mouth between mandible and genioglossus m.
numerous ducts

37
Q

describe the innervation of the tongue

A

lingual n. (CN V3) carries GSA from anterior 2/3
chorda tympani (CN VII) joins lingual to carry SVA from anterior 2/3 and GVE for sublingual and submandibular glands
CN IX carries SVA from posterior 1/3 and GVE to parotid gland

38
Q

describe hypoglossal innervation

A

intrinsic muscles of tongue
extrinsic muscles except palatoglossus

39
Q

important relationships of CN XII

A

crosses anterior to external carotid a.
travels with lingual a.
courses over internal carotid a. and deep to posterior belly of digastric

40
Q

what is the pharynx?

A

musculofascial half-cylinder that links the oral and nasal cavities to the larynx and esophagus

41
Q

function of pharyngeal constrictors

A

contract sequentially from top to bottom, moving a bolus of food from the pharynx toward the esophagus

42
Q

innervation of the pharynx

A

CN X

43
Q

sac-like outpouching of the pharynx through an area of muscular weakness between the transverse fibers of cricopharyngeus and oblique fibers of lower inferior constrictor m.

A

Zenker’s diverticulum

44
Q

3 pharyngeal levator muscles

A

stylopharygneus (CN IX)
salpingopharyngeus (CN X)
palatopharyngeus (CN X)

45
Q

function of pharyngeal levator muscles

A

elevate pharyngeal wall up and over bolus of food being moved from pharynx to esophagus

46
Q

motor innervation of pharynx

A

all muscles of pharynx and soft palate innervated by CN X except stylopharyngeus (CN IX) and tensor veli palatini (CN V3)

47
Q

sensory innervation of pharynx

A

CN IX

48
Q

describe gag reflex innervation

A

efferent limb: CN IX
afferent limb: CN X

49
Q

feature on lateral wall of nasopharynx

A

pharyngeal opening of pharyngotympanic tube

50
Q

what is the torus tubarius?

A

posterior rim of auditory tube forms a bulge on the pharyngeal wall

51
Q

what is the pharyngeal recess?

A

deep recess behind the torus tubarius

52
Q

what are the palatoglossal folds?

A

cover palatoglossal m. and mark boundary between oral cavity and oropharynx

53
Q

what are the palatopharyngeal folds?

A

posterior to palatoglossal folds
overlie the palatopharyngeus m.

54
Q

what are the valleculae?

A

pair of mucosal pouches between base of tongue and epiglottis

55
Q

what tonsils make up the tonsillar ring?

A

pharyngeal tonsils (adenoids)
tubal tonsils
palatine tonsils
lingual tonsils

56
Q

describe the laryngopharynx

A

rests against C4-6
posterior and lateral walls are formed by middle and inferior pharyngeal constrictor m.
internal wall formed by palatopharyngeus and stylopharyngeus m.

57
Q

what is the laryngeal inlet?

A

communication between laryngopharynx to larynx

58
Q

what is the piriform fossa?

A

small mucosal lined depression on either side of the laryngeal inlet

59
Q

describe the innervation of swallowing stages

A

oral transit: CN VII, X, XII (seal lips and elevate tongue)
seal: CN V, IX, X (elevate soft palate and elevate and protract hyoid)
protect larynx: CN V, VII, IX, X, C1 (adduct vocal cords, elevation and protraction of hyoid, contract pharyngeal constrictors)

GRDA (13 decks)

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